Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 9
The walls were built of small pieces of jasper, and various coloured marbles, not larger than a man’s hand; so subtilely joined, however, that, but for their different hues, they might be taken for one entire stone.
What happens: build, join, take · To what, where: walls, that
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 walls | det |
| 2 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 built | aux:pass |
| 4 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 pieces | case |
| 6 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pieces | amod |
| 7 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 jasper | case |
| 9 | jasper | jasper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pieces | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 larger | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 larger | cc |
| 12 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 marbles | amod |
| 13 | coloured | coloured | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 marbles | amod |
| 14 | marbles | marble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 larger | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 larger | punct |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 larger | advmod |
| 17 | larger | large | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 pieces | conj |
| 18 | than | than | ADP | _ | 22 hand | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 man | det |
| 20 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hand | nmod:poss |
| 21 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 20 man | case |
| 22 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 larger | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 joined | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 joined | advmod |
| 25 | subtilely | subtilely | ADV | _ | 26 joined | advmod |
| 26 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 built | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 however | punct |
| 28 | however | however | ADV | _ | 26 joined | advmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 that | punct |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 joined | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 taken | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 taken | cc |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 hues | case |
| 34 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 hues | nmod:poss |
| 35 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 hues | amod |
| 36 | hues | hue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 taken | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 hues | punct |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 taken | nsubj |
| 39 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 taken | aux |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 taken | aux:pass |
| 41 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 built | conj |
| 42 | for | for | ADP | _ | 45 stone | case |
| 43 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 45 stone | nummod |
| 44 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 stone | amod |
| 45 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 taken | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 built | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past · passive | the walls | of small pieces of jasper | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | join | participle | that | however, subtilely property | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | take | might · passive | walls = wall | for marbles's different hues; for one entire stone | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for hue=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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