The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Brown Story-tellers, sentence 97
His father and his father’s father, and so on back for countless centuries, have handed down these stories by telling, from generation to generation, just as Tata[4] Lorenso is telling his great-great-grandsons to-night.
Who acts: father, telling · What happens: hand down, tell · To what, where: stories, back, generation, great great grandsons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Brown Story-tellers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, telling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 father | nmod:poss |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 handed | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 father | cc |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 father | nmod:poss |
| 5 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 father | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 father | case |
| 7 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 father | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 handed | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 handed | cc |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 handed | advmod |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 back | case |
| 12 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 handed | obl |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 centuries | case |
| 14 | countless | countless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 centuries | amod |
| 15 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 back | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 back | punct |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 handed | aux |
| 18 | handed | hand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 19 | down | down | ADP | _ | 18 handed | compound:prt |
| 20 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 21 stories | det |
| 21 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 handed | obj |
| 22 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 23 telling | mark |
| 23 | telling | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 telling | csubj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 generation | punct |
| 25 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 generation | case |
| 26 | generation | generation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 telling | obj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 generation | case |
| 28 | generation | generation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 generation | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Tata | punct |
| 30 | just | just | ADV | _ | 32 Tata | advmod |
| 31 | as | as | ADP | _ | 32 Tata | case |
| 32 | Tata | Tata | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 telling | xcomp |
| 33 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 34 4 | punct |
| 34 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 Tata | appos |
| 35 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 34 4 | punct |
| 36 | Lorenso | Lorenso | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Tata | flat |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 telling | aux |
| 38 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 handed | conj |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 grandsons | nmod:poss |
| 40 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 grandsons | amod |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 great | punct |
| 42 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 grandsons | amod |
| 43 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 great | punct |
| 44 | grandsons | grandson | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 telling | obj |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 night | case |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 to | punct |
| 47 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 telling | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 handed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand down | present · perfect | back's father and back's father's father | this stories | back for countless centuries | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | gerund | generation | generation | Tata xcomp | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent generation=Topic to generation=Recipient | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present · progressive | telling | back's great great grandsons | night | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent grandson=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/2/97/