The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Drowning of Pecos, sentence 17
As he came to a deep cañon he heard singing, and, peering cautiously through the bushes, he saw a lot of witch-men sitting around a fallen pine and singing, while their chief was trying to raise the tree.
Who acts: trail, deep cañon, witch men, chief · What happens: come, hear, sing, peer, see, sit · To what, where: deep cañon, lot, fallen pine, tree
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Drowning of Pecos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trail, deep cañon, witch men, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 came | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 saw | advcl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 cañon | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 cañon | det |
| 6 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cañon | amod |
| 7 | cañon | cañon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 cañon | acl:relcl |
| 10 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 heard | xcomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 peering | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 peering | cc |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 peering | punct |
| 14 | peering | peer | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 came | advcl |
| 15 | cautiously | cautiously | ADV | _ | 14 peering | advmod |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 bushes | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 bushes | det |
| 18 | bushes | bush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 peering | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 saw | nsubj |
| 21 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 lot | det |
| 23 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 saw | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 men | case |
| 25 | witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 men | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 witch | punct |
| 27 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 lot | nmod |
| 28 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 men | acl |
| 29 | around | around | ADP | _ | 32 pine | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 pine | det |
| 31 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 pine | amod |
| 32 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sitting | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 singing | cc |
| 34 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 sitting | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 trying | punct |
| 36 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 40 trying | mark |
| 37 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 chief | nmod:poss |
| 38 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 trying | nsubj |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 trying | aux |
| 40 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 sitting | conj |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 raise | mark |
| 42 | raise | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 trying | xcomp |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 tree | det |
| 44 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 raise | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | trail | a deep cañon | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to cañon=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | trail | a deep cañon not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | gerund | a deep cañon not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | peer | gerund | trail not said here | through the bushes; cautiously property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through bush=Theme | ||||
| 5 | see | past | trail | a lot of witch men | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lot=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | sit | gerund | witch men not said here | a fallen pine | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent around pine=Location | ||||
| 7 | fall | participle | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | sing speech: express | gerund | witch men not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | try | past · progressive | men's chief | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 10 | raise not said to happen | to-infinitive | men's chief not said here | the tree | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/23/17/