The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 10, sentence 18
Then, louder when she heard those others grieve, And found that song might now no more avail, She said: ‘Believe, O brothers young, believe In that great God, whose help can never fail!
Who acts: louder, others, song, help · What happens: hear, grieve, find, avail, say, believe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (louder, others, song, help), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 louder | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | louder | loud | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 heard | advmod |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 heard | advmod |
| 5 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 8 others | det |
| 8 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 grieve | nsubj |
| 9 | grieve | grieve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | ccomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 found | punct |
| 11 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 found | cc |
| 12 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | conj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 avail | mark |
| 14 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 avail | nsubj |
| 15 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 avail | aux |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 avail | advmod |
| 17 | no | no | ADV | _ | 18 more | advmod |
| 18 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 19 avail | amod |
| 19 | avail | avail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 found | ccomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 said | punct |
| 21 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 said | nsubj |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | conj |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 Believe | punct |
| 24 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 Believe | punct |
| 25 | Believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 said | ccomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 brothers | punct |
| 27 | O | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 28 brothers | case |
| 28 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 Believe | obl |
| 29 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Believe | xcomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 believe | punct |
| 31 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 25 Believe | parataxis |
| 32 | In | in | ADP | _ | 35 God | case |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 35 God | nsubj |
| 34 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 God | amod |
| 35 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 believe | ccomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 fail | punct |
| 37 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 38 help | nmod:poss |
| 38 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 fail | nsubj |
| 39 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 fail | aux |
| 40 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 41 fail | advmod |
| 41 | fail | fail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 God | parataxis |
| 42 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | louder = loud | then | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | grieve | present | that others | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | find | past | louder = loud not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | avail | might | song | now | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | louder = loud | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | believe | infinitive | of brothers; young property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | believe | infinitive | great God that ccomp | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | not fail | can | help | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/10/18/