The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 10, sentence 32
Up from the sea they rose in widening gyre, And hung suspended mid the ethereal blue, And saw, far-flashing in the sunset’s fire, A wood-girt lake whose splendour well they knew; And flew all night; and reached at dawn its shore-- Ah, then rang out that wail ne’er heard before!
Who acts: brothers, wail ne’er, sunset · What happens: rise, widen, hang, suspend, see, flash · To what, where: wood, sea, gyre, fire, lake, splendour · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brothers, wail ne’er, sunset), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Up | up | ADV | _ | 6 rose | advmod |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 sea | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sea | det |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rose | obl |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 rose | nsubj |
| 6 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 8 widening | mark |
| 8 | widening | widen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 rose | advcl |
| 9 | gyre | gyre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 widening | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hung | punct |
| 11 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 hung | cc |
| 12 | hung | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 rose | conj |
| 13 | suspended | suspend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 hung | conj |
| 14 | mid | mid | X | _ | 17 blue | compound |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 blue | det |
| 16 | ethereal | ethereal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 blue | amod |
| 17 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 suspended | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 saw | punct |
| 19 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 saw | cc |
| 20 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 rose | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 flashing | punct |
| 22 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 flashing | advmod |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 far | punct |
| 24 | flashing | flash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 saw | ccomp |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 fire | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 sunset | det |
| 27 | sunset | sunset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 fire | nmod:poss |
| 28 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 27 sunset | case |
| 29 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 flashing | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 wood | punct |
| 31 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 wood | det |
| 32 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rose | obl |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 girt | punct |
| 34 | girt | girt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 wood | conj |
| 35 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 girt | obj |
| 36 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 37 splendour | nmod:poss |
| 37 | splendour | splendour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 lake | appos |
| 38 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 40 knew | advmod |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 knew | nsubj |
| 40 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 splendour | acl:relcl |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 flew | punct |
| 42 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 flew | cc |
| 43 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 knew | ccomp |
| 44 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 45 night | det |
| 45 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 flew | obl:unmarked |
| 46 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 reached | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 reached | cc |
| 48 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 knew | parataxis |
| 49 | at | at | ADP | _ | 50 dawn | case |
| 50 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 reached | obj |
| 51 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 shore | nmod:poss |
| 52 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 dawn | obj |
| 53 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 57 rang | punct |
| 54 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 57 rang | discourse |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 Ah | punct |
| 56 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 57 rang | advmod |
| 57 | rang | ring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 reached | conj |
| 58 | out | out | ADP | _ | 57 rang | compound:prt |
| 59 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 62 heard | mark |
| 60 | wail | wail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 ne’er | compound |
| 61 | ne’er | ne'er | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 heard | nsubj |
| 62 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 57 rang | advcl |
| 63 | before | before | ADV | _ | 62 heard | advmod |
| 64 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 6 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | brothers = brother | a wood | the sea | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from sea=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | widen | gerund | brothers = brother not said here | gyre | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gyre=Patient | ||||
| 3 | hang | past | brothers = brother not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | suspend | participle | brothers = brother not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | see | past | brothers = brother not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | flash | gerund | the sunset's fire | far property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fire=Location | ||||
| 7 | girt | infinitive | brothers = brother not said here | lake | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | know | past | brothers = brother | lake's splendour not said here | well property | tree rules | |||
| 9 | fly | past | night | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 10 | reach | past | dawn | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | ring out | past | then | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 12 | hear | participle | wail ne’er | before property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 13 | fire | the sunset | nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/10/32/