The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 10, sentence 44
And since they knew their penance now was over, Penance that tasks true hearts to purify, Happier were they than e’er was mortal lover, Happy as Spirits cleansed that, near the sky, Feel, mid that shadowy realm expiatory, Warm on their lids the unseen yet nearing glory.
Who acts: banks, Penance, Happier, e’er, Spirits, sky · What happens: know, be, task, purify, cleanse, feel · To what, where: penance, true hearts, lids, glory
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banks, Penance, Happier, e’er), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 were | cc |
| 2 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 4 knew | mark |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 knew | nsubj |
| 4 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 were | advcl |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 penance | nmod:poss |
| 6 | penance | penance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 knew | obj |
| 7 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 over | advmod |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 over | cop |
| 9 | over | over | ADV | _ | 4 knew | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Penance | punct |
| 11 | Penance | penance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 knew | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 tasks | nsubj |
| 13 | tasks | task | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 Penance | acl:relcl |
| 14 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 hearts | amod |
| 15 | hearts | heart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 tasks | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 purify | mark |
| 17 | purify | purify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 tasks | advcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 knew | punct |
| 19 | Happier | Happier | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 were | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 were | nsubj |
| 22 | than | than | ADP | _ | 26 lover | case |
| 23 | e’er | e'er | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 lover | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 lover | cop |
| 25 | mortal | mortal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 lover | amod |
| 26 | lover | lover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 they | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Happy | punct |
| 28 | Happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 lover | amod |
| 29 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 31 cleansed | mark |
| 30 | Spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 cleansed | nsubj |
| 31 | cleansed | cleanse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 Happy | advcl |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 38 Feel | mark |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 sky | punct |
| 34 | near | near | ADP | _ | 36 sky | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sky | det |
| 36 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Feel | nsubj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 sky | punct |
| 38 | Feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 cleansed | ccomp |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 mid | punct |
| 40 | mid | mid | X | _ | 46 Warm | compound |
| 41 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 realm | det |
| 42 | shadowy | shadowy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 realm | amod |
| 43 | realm | realm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 mid | obj |
| 44 | expiatory | expiatory | X | _ | 40 mid | goeswith |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 mid | punct |
| 46 | Warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 Feel | xcomp |
| 47 | on | on | ADP | _ | 49 lids | case |
| 48 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 lids | nmod:poss |
| 49 | lids | lid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 Feel | obl |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 unseen | det |
| 51 | unseen | unseen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 lids | amod |
| 52 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 53 nearing | cc |
| 53 | nearing | near | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 51 unseen | conj |
| 54 | glory | glory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 nearing | obj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | banks = bank | banks's penance | Penance obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer penance=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | is | past | now | over property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | task | present | Penance | true hearts | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | purify | to-infinitive | Penance not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | be | past | Happier | banks = bank nsubj | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | past | e’er | than mortal lover | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | cleanse | past | Spirits | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | feel | infinitive | the sky | banks's lids | warm property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 9 | near | gerund | the sky not said here | glory | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/10/44/