The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 13, sentence 164
Upon his breast He laid, in iron sheathed, a huge, flat stone, For thus he said, ‘Though many a feat of arms Is mine, from Scatha learned, or else self-taught, The Gae-Bulg is Cuchullain’s!’
Who acts: Red, many feat, Scatha · What happens: lay, sheath, say, be, learn, teach · To what, where: iron, mine · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Red, many feat, Scatha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Upon | upon | ADP | _ | 3 breast | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 breast | nmod:poss |
| 3 | breast | breast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 laid | obl |
| 4 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 laid | nsubj |
| 5 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 iron | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 iron | case |
| 8 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 laid | obl |
| 9 | sheathed | sheath | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 iron | acl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 stone | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 stone | det |
| 12 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 stone | amod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 huge | punct |
| 14 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 stone | amod |
| 15 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 iron | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 said | punct |
| 17 | For | for | ADP | _ | 18 thus | case |
| 18 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 20 said | obl |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 said | nsubj |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 laid | parataxis |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 mine | punct |
| 22 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 30 mine | punct |
| 23 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 30 mine | mark |
| 24 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 feat | amod |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 feat | det |
| 26 | feat | feat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 mine | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 arms | case |
| 28 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 feat | nmod |
| 29 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 mine | cop |
| 30 | mine | my | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 said | parataxis |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 learned | punct |
| 32 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 34 learned | mark |
| 33 | Scatha | Scatha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 learned | nsubj |
| 34 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 said | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 taught | punct |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 taught | cc |
| 37 | else | else | ADV | _ | 40 taught | advmod |
| 38 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 taught | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 self | punct |
| 40 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 learned | ccomp |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 Cuchullain | punct |
| 42 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 Cuchullain | det |
| 43 | Gae | Gae | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Cuchullain | compound |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 Gae | punct |
| 45 | Bulg | Bulg | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Cuchullain | compound |
| 46 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 Cuchullain | cop |
| 47 | Cuchullain | Cuchullain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 taught | parataxis |
| 48 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 47 Cuchullain | case |
| 49 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 47 Cuchullain | punct |
| 50 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | past | Red | iron and a huge flat stone | upon Red's breast | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon breast=Destination | |||
| 2 | sheath | participle | iron and a huge flat stone not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Red | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | a many feat of arms | mine | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | learn | past | Scatha | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | teach speech: other | participle | self compound; else property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | 's the Gae Bulg Cuchullain | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/13/164/