The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 4, sentence 60
Before its stony threshold slumbering lay Ainli and Ardan, clasping, each, a sword, For ever wont were these by night and day Their brother and their sister thus to ward: The intruder o’er them stepp’d and entrance made To where in sleep that princely pair were laid.
Who acts: stony threshold, intruder · What happens: slumber, lie, clasp, wont, be, ward · To what, where: Ainli, brother, these, ’d, princely pair, sleep
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stony threshold, intruder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 6 lay | mark |
| 2 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 threshold | nmod:poss |
| 3 | stony | stony | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 threshold | amod |
| 4 | threshold | threshold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lay | nsubj |
| 5 | slumbering | slumber | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 threshold | acl |
| 6 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | Ainli | Ainli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 lay | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Ardan | cc |
| 9 | Ardan | Ardan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Ainli | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 clasping | punct |
| 11 | clasping | clasp | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 Ainli | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sword | punct |
| 13 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 sword | det |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sword | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 sword | det |
| 16 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Ainli | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 wont | punct |
| 18 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 20 wont | mark |
| 19 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 20 wont | advmod |
| 20 | wont | wont | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 lay | conj |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 these | cop |
| 22 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 20 wont | obj |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 night | case |
| 24 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 wont | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 day | cc |
| 26 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 night | conj |
| 27 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 brother | nmod:poss |
| 28 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 wont | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 sister | cc |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 sister | nmod:poss |
| 31 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 brother | conj |
| 32 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 34 ward | advmod |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 ward | mark |
| 34 | ward | ward | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 wont | advcl |
| 35 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 38 o’er | punct |
| 36 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 intruder | det |
| 37 | intruder | intruder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 o’er | nsubj |
| 38 | o’er | o'er | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 ward | conj |
| 39 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 o’er | obj |
| 40 | stepp | stepp | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 o’er | xcomp |
| 41 | ’d | 'd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 stepp | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 entrance | cc |
| 43 | entrance | entrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 ’d | conj |
| 44 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 ’d | acl |
| 45 | To | to | SCONJ | _ | 53 laid | mark |
| 46 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 53 laid | advmod |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 sleep | case |
| 48 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 laid | obl |
| 49 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 53 laid | mark |
| 50 | princely | princely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 pair | amod |
| 51 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 laid | nsubj:pass |
| 52 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 53 laid | aux:pass |
| 53 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 made | advcl |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slumber | gerund | ne’er's stony threshold not said here | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | lie | past | ne’er's stony threshold | Ainli and Ardan and each sword | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ainli=Theme | ||||
| 3 | clasp | gerund | ne’er's stony threshold not said here | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | wont | infinitive | ne’er's stony threshold not said here | Ainli's brother and Ainli's sister | ever; night | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is a | past | these | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | ward | to-infinitive | ne’er's stony threshold not said here | thus property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | o'er | infinitive | the intruder | Ainli | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | stepp | infinitive | the intruder not said here | ’d and entrance | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | make | participle | ’d and entrance not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 10 | lay | past · passive | princely pair | sleep | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in sleep=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/4/60/