The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 8, sentence 11
Sadness before her fled: in years long past As on a cliff the warriors sang their songs A harper maid, with eyes that stared aghast, Had chaunted, ‘Not to us this isle belongs!
Who acts: Sadness, warriors, eyes, isle, palm · What happens: flee, sing, stare, chaunt, belong · To what, where: cliff, songs, us
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sadness, warriors, eyes, isle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sadness | sadness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fled | nsubj |
| 2 | before | before | ADP | _ | 3 her | case |
| 3 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Sadness | nmod |
| 4 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 years | punct |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 years | case |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 long | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 fled | advmod |
| 9 | past | past | ADP | _ | 10 As | case |
| 10 | As | As | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 fled | obl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 cliff | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 cliff | det |
| 13 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fled | obl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 warriors | det |
| 15 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sang | nsubj |
| 16 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 fled | conj |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 songs | nmod:poss |
| 18 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sang | obj |
| 19 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 maid | det |
| 20 | harper | harper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 maid | compound |
| 21 | maid | maid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sang | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 eyes | punct |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 eyes | case |
| 24 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sang | obl |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 stared | nsubj |
| 26 | stared | stare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 eyes | acl:relcl |
| 27 | aghast | aghast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 stared | xcomp |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 chaunted | punct |
| 29 | Had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 chaunted | aux |
| 30 | chaunted | chaunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 fled | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 chaunted | punct |
| 32 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 30 chaunted | punct |
| 33 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 us | advmod |
| 34 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 us | case |
| 35 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 chaunted | obl |
| 36 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 37 isle | det |
| 37 | isle | isle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 belongs | nsubj |
| 38 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 chaunted | parataxis |
| 39 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 fled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flee | past | Sadness before e’er | a cliff | past As; long property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme past as=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | sing speech: express | past | the warriors | palm's songs | with eyes; a harper maid obj | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent song=Beneficiary maid=Theme | |||
| 3 | stare | past | eyes | aghast property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | chaunt | past · perfect | Sadness before e’er not said here | us | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | belong | present | this isle | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | sing | palm | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/8/11/