The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 32
And, ever o’er the wave those swans would come To hear man’s voice, and tell their tale to each, Swift as the wind, and whiter than the foam; Yet never mounted they the bowery beach, And still swerved backward from the beckoning hand, Revering thus their stepmother’s command.
Who acts: wave, waves, stepmother · What happens: come, hear, tell, not mount, swerve, beckon · To what, where: voice, tale, each, waves, beckoning hand, command · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wave, waves, stepmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 come | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 wave | punct |
| 3 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 6 wave | advmod |
| 4 | o’er | o'er | ADP | _ | 6 wave | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wave | det |
| 6 | wave | wave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 come | nsubj |
| 7 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 8 swans | det |
| 8 | swans | swan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 wave | conj |
| 9 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 come | aux |
| 10 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | To | to | PART | _ | 12 hear | mark |
| 12 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 come | xcomp |
| 13 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 voice | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 man | case |
| 15 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hear | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 tell | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 tell | cc |
| 18 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 come | conj |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 tale | nmod:poss |
| 20 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 tell | obj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 each | case |
| 22 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 tell | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Swift | punct |
| 24 | Swift | Swift | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 tell | obl |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 27 wind | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 wind | det |
| 27 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 tell | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 whiter | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 whiter | cc |
| 30 | whiter | white | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 wind | conj |
| 31 | than | than | ADP | _ | 33 foam | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 foam | det |
| 33 | foam | foam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 whiter | obl |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 mounted | punct |
| 35 | Yet | yet | ADV | _ | 37 mounted | advmod |
| 36 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 37 mounted | advmod |
| 37 | mounted | mount | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 come | parataxis |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 mounted | obj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 beach | det |
| 40 | bowery | bowery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 beach | compound |
| 41 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 mounted | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 swerved | punct |
| 43 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 swerved | cc |
| 44 | still | still | ADV | _ | 45 swerved | advmod |
| 45 | swerved | swerve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 mounted | conj |
| 46 | backward | backward | ADV | _ | 45 swerved | advmod |
| 47 | from | from | ADP | _ | 50 hand | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 hand | det |
| 49 | beckoning | beckon | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 50 hand | amod |
| 50 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 swerved | obl |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 Revering | punct |
| 52 | Revering | revere | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 45 swerved | advcl |
| 53 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 57 command | advmod |
| 54 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 stepmother | nmod:poss |
| 55 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 command | nmod:poss |
| 56 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 55 stepmother | case |
| 57 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 Revering | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 come | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | would | the wave and that swans | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | hear | to-infinitive | the wave and that swans not said here | man's voice | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | infinitive | the wave and that swans not said here | waves's tale | each | as the wind; Swift obl | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent tale=Topic to each=Recipient | ||
| 4 | not mount | participle | waves = wave | yet | the bowery beach obl | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | |||
| 5 | swerve | past | the beckoning hand | still | backward property | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from hand=Location | |||
| 6 | beckon | gerund | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | revere | gerund | waves's stepmother's command | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | tell | waves = wave | nom tale «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | command | waves's stepmother | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/32/