Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 16, sentence 114
But when she came To visit her grandchild One thing she ever Said ere she left her: “One thing I bid thee With hardest warning, To one thing I bind thee With a strong will: Look that thou never Seek in thy wandering The Laʿtogwesnuk, The land of the North: For there dwells Pûn, Pûn, the winter; A deadly foe Thou wilt surely find him.
Who acts: woman, One thing, thou, thy · What happens: come, visit, say, leave, bid, bind · To what, where: deadly foe, grandchild, One thing, rain, thee, Laʿtogwesnuk · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, One thing, thou, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 came | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 came | advmod |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | To | to | PART | _ | 6 visit | mark |
| 6 | visit | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 came | xcomp |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 grandchild | nmod:poss |
| 8 | grandchild | grandchild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 visit | obj |
| 9 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 thing | nummod |
| 10 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 visit | obj |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 Said | nsubj |
| 12 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 13 Said | advmod |
| 13 | Said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 thing | acl:relcl |
| 14 | ere | ere | ADV | _ | 16 left | advmod |
| 15 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 left | nsubj |
| 16 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 Said | ccomp |
| 17 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 left | obj |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 bid | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 bid | punct |
| 20 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 thing | nummod |
| 21 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bid | nsubj |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 bid | nsubj |
| 23 | bid | bid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 left | parataxis |
| 24 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 bid | obj |
| 25 | With | with | ADP | _ | 27 warning | case |
| 26 | hardest | hard | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 27 warning | amod |
| 27 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bid | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 bind | punct |
| 29 | To | to | ADP | _ | 31 thing | case |
| 30 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 thing | nummod |
| 31 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 bind | obl |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 bind | nsubj |
| 33 | bind | bind | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 bid | conj |
| 34 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 33 bind | obj |
| 35 | With | with | SCONJ | _ | 38 will | mark |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 strong | det |
| 37 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 will | nsubj |
| 38 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 bind | advcl |
| 39 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 40 Look | punct |
| 40 | Look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 visit | conj |
| 41 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 44 Seek | mark |
| 42 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 44 Seek | nsubj |
| 43 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 44 Seek | advmod |
| 44 | Seek | seek | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 Look | advcl |
| 45 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 47 wandering | mark |
| 46 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 47 wandering | nsubj |
| 47 | wandering | wonder | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 44 Seek | advcl |
| 48 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Laʿtogwesnuk | det |
| 49 | Laʿtogwesnuk | Laʿtogwesnuk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 wandering | obj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 land | punct |
| 51 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 land | det |
| 52 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 Laʿtogwesnuk | appos |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 North | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 North | det |
| 55 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 land | nmod |
| 56 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 59 dwells | punct |
| 57 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 59 dwells | mark |
| 58 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 59 dwells | expl |
| 59 | dwells | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 Look | parataxis |
| 60 | Pûn | Pûn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 dwells | obj |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 Pûn | punct |
| 62 | Pûn | Pûn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 60 Pûn | flat |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 winter | punct |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 winter | det |
| 65 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 Pûn | appos |
| 66 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 69 foe | punct |
| 67 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 69 foe | det |
| 68 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 foe | amod |
| 69 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 70 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 73 find | nsubj |
| 71 | wilt | will | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 73 find | aux |
| 72 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 73 find | advmod |
| 73 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 69 foe | acl:relcl |
| 74 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 73 find | obj |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | woman | a deadly foe | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | visit | to-infinitive | woman not said here | woman's grandchild | One thing obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | woman | One thing not said here | ever | tree rules | |||
| 4 | leave | past | woman | rain | ere property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | bid in a quote | past | One thing | thee | with hardest warning; I nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 6 | bind in a quote | present | woman | thee | to one thing | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient to thing=Co-Patient | |||
| 7 | look in a quote | infinitive | woman not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | not seek in a quote | infinitive | thou | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | wonder speech: ask in a quote | gerund | thy | the Laʿtogwesnuk | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | dwell in a quote | present | Pûn | there | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme pûn=Location | ||||
| 11 | find in a quote | future | Thou | Pûn | surely property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/114/