Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 16, sentence 20
And this the hunter knew, The younger of the pair; So he had made a drink Cool, and with honey sweet, Fragrant with pleasant herbs-- A dainty drink indeed-- But, mingled with it all, There lurked a subtle life, The powder from the horn Of the Wîwilmekw.
Who acts: hunter · What happens: know, make, mingle, lurk · To what, where: drink, subtle life, horn
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 knew | cc |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 hunter | det |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hunter | det |
| 4 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 knew | nsubj |
| 5 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 younger | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 younger | det |
| 8 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 knew | ccomp |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 pair | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pair | det |
| 11 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 younger | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 made | punct |
| 13 | So | so | ADV | _ | 16 made | advmod |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 made | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 made | aux |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 knew | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 drink | det |
| 18 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 made | obj |
| 19 | Cool | cool | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 made | xcomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 lurked | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 lurked | cc |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 honey | case |
| 23 | honey | honey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lurked | obl |
| 24 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 honey | amod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Fragrant | punct |
| 26 | Fragrant | fragrant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 sweet | conj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 herbs | case |
| 28 | pleasant | pleasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 herbs | amod |
| 29 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 Fragrant | obl |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 33 drink | punct |
| 31 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 drink | det |
| 32 | dainty | dainty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 drink | amod |
| 33 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 herbs | conj |
| 34 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 33 drink | advmod |
| 35 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 38 mingled | punct |
| 36 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 38 mingled | cc |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 mingled | punct |
| 38 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 sweet | conj |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 it | case |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 mingled | obl |
| 41 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 it | det |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 honey | punct |
| 43 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 44 lurked | expl |
| 44 | lurked | lurk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 knew | conj |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 life | det |
| 46 | subtle | subtle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 life | amod |
| 47 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lurked | obj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 powder | punct |
| 49 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 powder | det |
| 50 | powder | powder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 life | conj |
| 51 | from | from | ADP | _ | 53 horn | case |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 horn | det |
| 53 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lurked | obl |
| 54 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 56 Wîwilmekw | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 Wîwilmekw | det |
| 56 | Wîwilmekw | Wîwilmekw | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 horn | nmod |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | this hunter | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | make | past · perfect | hunter | a drink | cool property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Product | |||
| 3 | mingle | participle | with drink | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with it=Co-Patient | |||||
| 4 | lurk | past | this hunter not said here | a subtle life and the powder | the horn of the Wîwilmekw; there | with honey | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/20/