Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 16, sentence 96
Dire was the slaughter, Full thrice greater Than on the first day; Still they rushed onward, Fiercer for battle, Giving no heed That the day was ending; Never observing The sun down-sinking, When over the forest Rang loud the summons: “_Lappilatwan Wappilatwan_.”
Who acts: Dire, flies, day, Rang · What happens: be, rush, give, end, not observe, sink · To what, where: slaughter, heed, sun, summons, forest
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dire, flies, day, Rang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dire | Dire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 slaughter | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 slaughter | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 slaughter | det |
| 4 | slaughter | slaughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Full | punct |
| 6 | Full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 slaughter | appos |
| 7 | thrice | thrice | ADV | _ | 8 greater | advmod |
| 8 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 Full | parataxis |
| 9 | Than | Than | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 greater | obl |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 day | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 day | det |
| 12 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 day | amod |
| 13 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Than | nmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 rushed | punct |
| 15 | Still | still | ADV | _ | 17 rushed | advmod |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 rushed | nsubj |
| 17 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 slaughter | parataxis |
| 18 | onward | onward | ADV | _ | 17 rushed | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Fiercer | punct |
| 20 | Fiercer | fierce | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 17 rushed | conj |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 battle | case |
| 22 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Fiercer | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Giving | punct |
| 24 | Giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 Fiercer | advcl |
| 25 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 26 heed | det |
| 26 | heed | heed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Giving | obj |
| 27 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 Giving | obj |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 day | det |
| 29 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 ending | nsubj |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 ending | aux |
| 31 | ending | end | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 Giving | conj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 observing | punct |
| 33 | Never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 34 observing | advmod |
| 34 | observing | observe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 slaughter | conj |
| 35 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sun | det |
| 36 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 observing | obj |
| 37 | down | down | ADV | _ | 39 sinking | advmod |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 down | punct |
| 39 | sinking | sink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 34 observing | advcl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 loud | punct |
| 41 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 46 loud | advmod |
| 42 | over | over | ADP | _ | 44 forest | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 forest | det |
| 44 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 loud | obl |
| 45 | Rang | Rang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 loud | nsubj |
| 46 | loud | lou | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 observing | conj |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 summons | det |
| 48 | summons | summon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 loud | obj |
| 49 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 53 Wappilatwan | punct |
| 50 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 53 Wappilatwan | punct |
| 51 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 53 Wappilatwan | punct |
| 52 | Lappilatwan | Lappilatwan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 Wappilatwan | compound |
| 53 | Wappilatwan | Wappilatwan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 summons | nmod |
| 54 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 53 Wappilatwan | punct |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 slaughter | punct |
| 56 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 slaughter | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Dire | the slaughter | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | rush | past | flies = fly | still | onward property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | give | gerund | flies = fly not said here | no heed | That obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent heed=Recipient that=Theme | |||
| 4 | end | past · progressive | the day | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | not observe | gerund | Dire not said here | the sun | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sun=Topic | ||||
| 6 | sink | gerund | Dire not said here | down property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | lou | past | Rang | the summons Lappilatwan Wappilatwan | the forest | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/96/