Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 18, sentence 135
The stranger said to them: “Know ye not that another, A newer and better way Of felling trees more quickly, Has come into the land?”
Who acts: stranger, newer way · What happens: say, not know, fell, come · To what, where: Twas, ye, trees, land · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stranger, newer way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 stranger | det |
| 2 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 Know | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Know | punct |
| 8 | Know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 Know | obj |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 Know | advmod |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 another | mark |
| 12 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 Know | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 way | punct |
| 14 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 way | det |
| 15 | newer | new | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 way | amod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 way | cc |
| 17 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 way | advmod |
| 18 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Know | parataxis |
| 19 | Of | of | SCONJ | _ | 20 felling | mark |
| 20 | felling | fell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 way | acl |
| 21 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 felling | obj |
| 22 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 23 quickly | advmod |
| 23 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 20 felling | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 come | punct |
| 25 | Has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 come | aux |
| 26 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 Know | ccomp |
| 27 | into | into | ADP | _ | 29 land | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 land | det |
| 29 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 come | obl |
| 30 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 26 come | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | the stranger | Twas = twa | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | not know in a quote | infinitive | ye | a newer way parataxis | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | fell in a quote | gerund | a newer way not said here | trees | quickly property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | come in a quote | present · perfect | the land | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into land=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/18/135/