Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 18, sentence 167
Now it happened on a time, That Lox, or the Wolverine, Who had many a time been killed, And as often rose from the dead By his sheer force of will-- The one great gift he had-- Found himself down in luck, Yea, very deeply down.
Who acts: it, Wolverine, one great gift · What happens: happen, have, kill, rose, find down · To what, where: Lox, many, time, dead, Wolverine, luck
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Wolverine, one great gift), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 happened | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 happened | nsubj |
| 3 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 time | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 time | det |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 happened | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Lox | punct |
| 8 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 Lox | det |
| 9 | Lox | Lox | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 happened | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 had | punct |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 had | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Wolverine | det |
| 13 | Wolverine | Wolverine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 had | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 had | punct |
| 15 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 had | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 happened | parataxis |
| 17 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 had | obj |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 time | det |
| 19 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 killed | aux:pass |
| 21 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 many | acl:relcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 rose | punct |
| 23 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 rose | cc |
| 24 | as | as | ADV | _ | 25 often | advmod |
| 25 | often | often | ADV | _ | 26 rose | advmod |
| 26 | rose | rose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 had | conj |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 dead | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 dead | det |
| 29 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 rose | obl |
| 30 | By | by | ADP | _ | 33 force | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 force | nmod:poss |
| 32 | sheer | sheer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 force | amod |
| 33 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 rose | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 will | case |
| 35 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 force | acl:relcl |
| 36 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 42 had | punct |
| 37 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 gift | det |
| 38 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 gift | nummod |
| 39 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 gift | amod |
| 40 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 had | nsubj |
| 41 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 had | nsubj |
| 42 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 rose | conj |
| 43 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 44 Found | punct |
| 44 | Found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 had | xcomp |
| 45 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 44 Found | obj |
| 46 | down | down | ADP | _ | 44 Found | compound:prt |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 luck | case |
| 48 | luck | luck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 Found | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 down | punct |
| 50 | Yea | yea | INTJ | _ | 54 down | discourse |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 Yea | punct |
| 52 | very | very | ADV | _ | 53 deeply | advmod |
| 53 | deeply | deeply | ADV | _ | 54 down | advmod |
| 54 | down | down | ADV | _ | 44 Found | advmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | it | that Lox | now; time | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | the Wolverine | many | Who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient | |||
| 3 | kill | participle · passive | a time | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | rose | present | the Wolverine not said here | the dead | by Wolverine's sheer force; often property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | have | past | the one great gift | Wolverine nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | find down | participle | the one great gift not said here | Wolverine | luck | down property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/18/167/