Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 20
Up leaped a jolly blaze As if to dance with him; This was the second fire And he had still three nights Of bitter killing cold, Ere he could reach his home-- The Indian Devil Lox!
Who acts: Up, This, Lox · What happens: leap, dance, be, night, kill, reach · To what, where: jolly blaze, second fire, home
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Up, This, Lox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Up | Up | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | nsubj |
| 2 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 blaze | det |
| 4 | jolly | jolly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 blaze | amod |
| 5 | blaze | blaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | obj |
| 6 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 dance | mark |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 9 dance | mark |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 dance | mark |
| 9 | dance | dance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 leaped | advcl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 dance | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 fire | punct |
| 13 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 fire | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 fire | cop |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 fire | det |
| 16 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 17 fire | amod |
| 17 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | parataxis |
| 18 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 nights | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 nights | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 nights | aux |
| 21 | still | still | ADV | _ | 23 nights | advmod |
| 22 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 nights | nummod |
| 23 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 fire | conj |
| 24 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 25 bitter | case |
| 25 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 nights | amod |
| 26 | killing | kill | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 bitter | advcl |
| 27 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 killing | xcomp |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Ere | punct |
| 29 | Ere | Ere | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 fire | conj |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 reach | nsubj |
| 31 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 reach | aux |
| 32 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 leaped | advcl |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 home | nmod:poss |
| 34 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 reach | obj |
| 35 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 39 Lox | punct |
| 36 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Lox | det |
| 37 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 Lox | amod |
| 38 | Devil | Devil | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Lox | compound |
| 39 | Lox | Lox | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 home | appos |
| 40 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 leaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | past | Up | a jolly blaze | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme blaze=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | dance | to-infinitive | Up not said here | with Up | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | This | the second fire and three nights and Ere | Ere conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | night | past | Lox | still | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | kill | gerund | Lox not said here | cold property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | reach | could | Lox | Lox's home | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent home=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/20/