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Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 3

Now, as of all the rogues, Rowdies and rascal roughs, The Wolves are just the worst, You may right well believe That ’twas with wondrous joy Lox heard, as night came on, Afar a long sad howl, Betokening the presence Of a pack of these pleasant folk; It was music to the ears Of the Indian Devil, Lox.

Who acts: Wolves, You, twas, night, presence · What happens: be, believe, hear, come on, betoken · To what, where: That, Afar, presence, music

This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, You, twas, night), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodpunctcasefixeddet:predetdetoblpunctconjccamodconjpunctdetnsubjcopadvmoddetpunctnsubjauxadvmodadvmodparataxisobjpunctnsubjcaseamodcompoundnmodparataxispunctmarknsubjconjadvmodpunctobldetamodamodobl:unmarkedpunctadvcldetobjcasedetnmodcasedetamodnmodpunctnsubjcopparataxiscasedetnmodcasedetamodnmodpunctflatpunctrootNowADV,PUNCTasADPofADPallDETtheDETroguesNOUN,PUNCTRowdiesNOUNandCCONJrascalADJroughsNOUN,PUNCTTheDETWolvesNOUNareAUXjustADVtheDETworstADJ,PUNCTYouPRONmayAUXrightADVwellADVbelieveVERBThatPRON’PUNCTtwasNOUNwithADPwondrousADJjoyNOUNLoxNOUNheardVERB,PUNCTasSCONJnightNOUNcameVERBonADV,PUNCTAfarPROPNaDETlongADJsadADJhowlNOUN,PUNCTBetokeningVERBtheDETpresenceNOUNOfADPaDETpackNOUNofADPtheseDETpleasantADJfolkNOUN;PUNCTItPRONwasAUXmusicNOUNtoADPtheDETearsNOUNOfADPtheDETIndianADJDevilPROPN,PUNCTLoxPROPN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NownowADVPronType=Dem19 worstadvmod
2,,PUNCT_1 Nowpunct
3asasADPExtPos=ADP7 roguescase
4ofofADP_3 asfixed
5allallDETPronType=Tot7 roguesdet:predet
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 roguesdet
7roguesrogueNOUNNumber=Plur1 Nowobl
8,,PUNCT_9 Rowdiespunct
9RowdiesrowdyNOUNNumber=Plur7 roguesconj
10andandCCONJ_12 roughscc
11rascalrascalADJDegree=Pos12 roughsamod
12roughsroughNOUNNumber=Plur7 roguesconj
13,,PUNCT_1 Nowpunct
14ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 Wolvesdet
15WolveswolfNOUNNumber=Plur19 worstnsubj
16arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin19 worstcop
17justjustADV_19 worstadvmod
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 worstdet
19worstbadADJDegree=Suprootroot
20,,PUNCT_19 worstpunct
21YouyouPRONCase=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs25 believensubj
22maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin25 believeaux
23rightrightADV_25 believeadvmod
24wellwellADVDegree=Pos25 believeadvmod
25believebelieveVERBVerbForm=Inf19 worstparataxis
26ThatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem25 believeobj
27’'PUNCT_25 believepunct
28twastwaNOUNNumber=Plur33 heardnsubj
29withwithADP_32 Loxcase
30wondrouswondrousADJDegree=Pos32 Loxamod
31joyjoyNOUNNumber=Sing32 Loxcompound
32LoxloxNOUNNumber=Sing28 twasnmod
33heardhearVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin25 believeparataxis
34,,PUNCT_37 camepunct
35asasSCONJ_37 camemark
36nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing37 camensubj
37camecomeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin33 heardconj
38ononADV_37 cameadvmod
39,,PUNCT_40 Afarpunct
40AfarAfarPROPNNumber=Sing33 heardobl
41aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art44 howldet
42longlongADJDegree=Pos44 howlamod
43sadsadADJDegree=Pos44 howlamod
44howlhowlNOUNNumber=Sing33 heardobl:unmarked
45,,PUNCT_46 Betokeningpunct
46BetokeningbetokenVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part33 heardadvcl
47thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art48 presencedet
48presencepresenceNOUNNumber=Sing46 Betokeningobj
49OfofADP_51 packcase
50aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art51 packdet
51packpackNOUNNumber=Sing48 presencenmod
52ofofADP_55 folkcase
53thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem55 folkdet
54pleasantpleasantADJDegree=Pos55 folkamod
55folkfolkNOUNNumber=Sing51 packnmod
56;;PUNCT_59 musicpunct
57ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs59 musicnsubj
58wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin59 musiccop
59musicmusicNOUNNumber=Sing25 believeparataxis
60totoADP_62 earscase
61thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art62 earsdet
62earsearNOUNNumber=Plur59 musicnmod
63OfofADP_66 Devilcase
64thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art66 Devildet
65IndianIndianADJDegree=Pos66 Devilamod
66DevilDevilPROPNNumber=Sing62 earsnmod
67,,PUNCT_68 Loxpunct
68LoxLoxPROPNNumber=Sing66 Devilflat
69..PUNCT_19 worstpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthe Wolvesnowbad propertytree rules
2believemayYouThatright, well propertyvn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
3hearpasttwas with wondrous joy LoxAfara long sad howl obl:unmarkedvn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
4come onpastnightvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5betokengerundtwas with wondrous joy Lox not said herethe presence of a pack of this pleasant folktree rules
6is apastpresencemusicto the ears of the Indian Deviltree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/3/