Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 90

The Passamaquoddy accounts were kept in the memory of the historians by means of wampum shells arranged on strings in such a manner that certain combinations suggested certain sentences or ideas to the narrator or “reader” who, of course, already knew his record by heart and was merely aided by the association in his mind of the arrangement of the wampum beads with incidents or sentences in the tale, song, or ceremony which he was rendering.

Who acts: certain combinations, narrator, association, ceremony, combination · What happens: keep, mean, arrange, suggest, know, aid · To what, where: Passamaquoddy accounts, memory, wampum shells, strings, record, mind

This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain combinations, narrator, association, ceremony), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 accounts	det
2	Passamaquoddy	Passamaquoddy	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 accounts	compound
3	accounts	account	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 kept	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 kept	aux:pass
5	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 memory	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 memory	det
8	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 kept	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 historians	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 historians	det
11	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 memory	nmod
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 means	case
13	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 kept	parataxis
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 shells	case
15	wampum	wampum	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 shells	compound
16	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 means	obl
17	arranged	arrange	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 shells	acl
18	on	on	ADP	_	19 strings	case
19	strings	string	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 arranged	obl
20	in	in	ADP	_	23 manner	case
21	such	such	DET	PronType=Ind	23 manner	det:predet
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 manner	det
23	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 strings	nmod
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 suggested	obj
25	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 combinations	amod
26	combinations	combination	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 suggested	nsubj
27	suggested	suggest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 strings	acl:relcl
28	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 sentences	amod
29	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 suggested	obj
30	or	or	CCONJ	_	31 ideas	cc
31	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 sentences	conj
32	to	to	ADP	_	34 narrator	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 narrator	det
34	narrator	narrator	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 suggested	obl
35	or	or	CCONJ	_	37 reader	cc
36	“	"	PUNCT	_	37 reader	punct
37	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 narrator	conj
38	”	"	PUNCT	_	34 narrator	punct
39	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	45 knew	nsubj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 knew	punct
41	of	of	ADP	ExtPos=ADV	45 knew	advmod
42	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 of	fixed
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 of	punct
44	already	already	ADV	_	45 knew	advmod
45	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 narrator	parataxis
46	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	47 record	nmod:poss
47	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 knew	obj
48	by	by	ADP	_	49 heart	case
49	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 knew	obl
50	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 aided	cc
51	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	53 aided	aux:pass
52	merely	merely	ADV	_	53 aided	advmod
53	aided	aid	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	45 knew	conj
54	by	by	ADP	_	56 association	case
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 association	det
56	association	association	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 aided	obl
57	in	in	ADP	_	59 mind	case
58	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	59 mind	nmod:poss
59	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 beads	obl
60	of	of	ADP	_	62 arrangement	case
61	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	62 arrangement	det
62	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	Number=Sing	59 mind	nmod
63	of	of	ADP	_	65 wampum	case
64	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	65 wampum	det
65	wampum	wampum	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 arrangement	nmod
66	beads	bead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	53 aided	parataxis
67	with	with	ADP	_	68 incidents	case
68	incidents	incident	NOUN	Number=Plur	66 beads	obl
69	or	or	CCONJ	_	70 sentences	cc
70	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	68 incidents	conj
71	in	in	ADP	_	73 tale	case
72	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	73 tale	det
73	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 sentences	nmod
74	,	,	PUNCT	_	75 song	punct
75	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	73 tale	conj
76	,	,	PUNCT	_	78 ceremony	punct
77	or	or	CCONJ	_	78 ceremony	cc
78	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	Number=Sing	73 tale	appos
79	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	82 rendering	nsubj
80	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	82 rendering	nsubj
81	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	82 rendering	aux
82	rendering	render	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	78 ceremony	acl:relcl
83	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 kept	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	keep	past · passive		the Passamaquoddy accounts	the memory of the historians		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in memory=Location
2	mean	present				of wampum shells	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	arrange	participle		wampum shells not said here	strings in such manner		vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on string=Destination
4	suggest speech: suggest	past	certain combinations	strings in such manner		to the narrator or reader; certain sentences or ideas obj	tree rules
5	know	past	the narrator or reader	combination's record		by heart	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer record=Stimulus
6	aid	past · passive	the association			merely property	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
7	bead	present			combination's mind of the arrangement of the wampum	with incidents or sentences in the tale and song	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with incident=Theme
8	render	past · progressive	ceremony			combination nsubj	vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
9	record		combination				nom record «communication transitive»: poss=agent
10	mind		combination	the arrangement of the wampum			nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
11	arrange			the wampum			nom arrangement «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/90/

🌲 Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 90

The tree

Pragmatics

Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 90