Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 91
This explains such expressions as “marriage wampum” or “burial wampum,” which are common among the Passamaquoddies, and simply mean combinations of wampum which suggested to the initiated interpreter the ritual of the tribal marriage and burial ceremonies.
Who acts: This, burial wampum, wampum · What happens: explain, be, mean, suggest, initiate · To what, where: such expressions, combinations, initiated interpreter
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, burial wampum, wampum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 explains | nsubj |
| 2 | explains | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 expressions | amod |
| 4 | expressions | expression | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 explains | obj |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 wampum | case |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 wampum | punct |
| 7 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wampum | compound |
| 8 | wampum | wampum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 explains | obl |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 wampum | punct |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 wampum | cc |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 wampum | punct |
| 12 | burial | burial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wampum | compound |
| 13 | wampum | wampum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wampum | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wampum | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 wampum | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 common | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 common | cop |
| 18 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wampum | parataxis |
| 19 | among | among | ADP | _ | 21 Passamaquoddies | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Passamaquoddies | det |
| 21 | Passamaquoddies | passamaquoddy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 common | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 mean | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 mean | cc |
| 24 | simply | simply | ADV | _ | 25 mean | advmod |
| 25 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 explains | parataxis |
| 26 | combinations | combination | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 mean | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 wampum | case |
| 28 | wampum | wampum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 combinations | nmod |
| 29 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 suggested | nsubj |
| 30 | suggested | suggest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 wampum | acl:relcl |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 interpreter | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 interpreter | det |
| 33 | initiated | initiate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 interpreter | amod |
| 34 | interpreter | interpreter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 suggested | obl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 ritual | det |
| 36 | ritual | ritual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 interpreter | appos |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 marriage | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 marriage | det |
| 39 | tribal | tribal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 marriage | amod |
| 40 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 ritual | nmod |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 ceremonies | cc |
| 42 | burial | burial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 ceremonies | compound |
| 43 | ceremonies | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 marriage | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 explains | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explain speech: assert | present | This | such expressions | as marriage wampum or burial wampum | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent expression=Topic | |||
| 2 | is | present | burial wampum | among the Passamaquoddies; common property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | mean | present | combinations of wampum | simply property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent combination=Topic | ||||
| 4 | suggest speech: suggest | past | wampum | the initiated interpreter | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to interpreter=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | initiate | participle | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/91/