Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 8, sentence 1
Then to frighten the Beaver The Master threw at it Several handfuls of earth, Which falling to eastward Of what is called Partridge Island, Became the Five Islands, and The pond which was left behind Became the Basin of Minas.
Who acts: Master, earth · What happens: frighten, throw, fall, call, leave · To what, where: Beaver, Several handfuls, pond, Became · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Master, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 frighten | advmod |
| 2 | to | to | PART | _ | 3 frighten | mark |
| 3 | frighten | frighten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 threw | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Beaver | det |
| 5 | Beaver | Beaver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 frighten | obj |
| 6 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Master | det |
| 7 | Master | Master | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 threw | nsubj |
| 8 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 it | case |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 threw | obl |
| 11 | Several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 handfuls | amod |
| 12 | handfuls | handful | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 threw | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 earth | case |
| 14 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 handfuls | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 falling | punct |
| 16 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 falling | nsubj |
| 17 | falling | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 earth | acl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 eastward | case |
| 19 | eastward | eastward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 falling | obl |
| 20 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 21 what | case |
| 21 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 eastward | nmod |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 called | aux:pass |
| 23 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 what | acl:relcl |
| 24 | Partridge | Partridge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Island | compound |
| 25 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 called | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Became | punct |
| 27 | Became | Became | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 handfuls | appos |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Islands | det |
| 29 | Five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 Islands | nummod |
| 30 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 27 Became | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 pond | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 pond | cc |
| 33 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 pond | det |
| 34 | pond | pond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 threw | obl |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 left | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 left | aux:pass |
| 37 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 pond | acl:relcl |
| 38 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 39 Became | case |
| 39 | Became | Became | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 left | obl |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Basin | det |
| 41 | Basin | Basin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 left | obj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Minas | case |
| 43 | Minas | Minas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Basin | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | frighten | to-infinitive | the Master not said here | the Beaver | then | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus beaver=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | throw | past | the Master | Several handfuls of earth | at Beaver; the pond obl | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent handful=Theme at it=Destination | |||
| 3 | fall | gerund | earth | to eastward | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to eastward=Theme | ||||
| 4 | call | present · passive | Partridge Island xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 5 | leave | past · passive | the pond | Became | the Basin of Minas obj | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme basin=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/8/1/