Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 8, sentence 2
Yet another tradition tells That after cutting the dam The Master sat and watched, And yet no Beaver came forth, For Kwâbît had escaped by a hole Which led back to the other side; Kulóskap then tore up A rock and he threw it Very far indeed, One hundred and fifty miles, To frighten the Beaver back; But over the Grand Falls Kwâbît had gone in haste And so for the time escaped; Yet the stone remaineth there As a wonder to this day.
Who acts: tradition, Master, Beaver, Kwâbît, hole, Kulóskap · What happens: tell, cut, sit, watch, come, escape · To what, where: That, dam, rock, Beaver, haste · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tradition, Master, Beaver, Kwâbît), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 4 tells | cc |
| 2 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 tradition | det |
| 3 | tradition | tradition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tells | nsubj |
| 4 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 tells | obj |
| 6 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 7 cutting | mark |
| 7 | cutting | cut | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 tells | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 dam | det |
| 9 | dam | dam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cutting | obj |
| 10 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Master | det |
| 11 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sat | nsubj |
| 12 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 dam | acl:relcl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 watched | cc |
| 14 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 sat | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 came | punct |
| 16 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 came | cc |
| 17 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 20 came | advmod |
| 18 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 19 Beaver | det |
| 19 | Beaver | beaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 came | nsubj |
| 20 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tells | parataxis |
| 21 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 20 came | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 escaped | punct |
| 23 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 26 escaped | mark |
| 24 | Kwâbît | Kwâbît | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 escaped | nsubj |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 escaped | aux |
| 26 | escaped | escape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 came | conj |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 hole | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 hole | det |
| 29 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 escaped | obl |
| 30 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 led | nsubj |
| 31 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 hole | acl:relcl |
| 32 | back | back | ADV | _ | 31 led | advmod |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 side | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 side | det |
| 35 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 side | amod |
| 36 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 led | obl |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 tore | punct |
| 38 | Kulóskap | Kulóskap | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 tore | nsubj |
| 39 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 tore | advmod |
| 40 | tore | tore | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tells | parataxis |
| 41 | up | up | ADP | _ | 40 tore | compound:prt |
| 42 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 rock | det |
| 43 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 tore | obj |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 threw | cc |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 threw | nsubj |
| 46 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 tore | conj |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 threw | obj |
| 48 | Very | very | ADV | _ | 49 far | advmod |
| 49 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 50 indeed | advmod |
| 50 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 46 threw | advmod |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 hundred | punct |
| 52 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 53 hundred | compound |
| 53 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 56 miles | nummod |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 fifty | cc |
| 55 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 53 hundred | conj |
| 56 | miles | mile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 threw | obj |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 frighten | punct |
| 58 | To | to | PART | _ | 59 frighten | mark |
| 59 | frighten | frighten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 threw | conj |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 Beaver | det |
| 61 | Beaver | Beaver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 frighten | obj |
| 62 | back | back | ADV | _ | 59 frighten | advmod |
| 63 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 71 gone | punct |
| 64 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 71 gone | cc |
| 65 | over | over | ADP | _ | 68 Falls | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 Falls | det |
| 67 | Grand | Grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 Falls | amod |
| 68 | Falls | Falls | PROPN | Number=Sing | 71 gone | nsubj |
| 69 | Kwâbît | Kwâbît | PROPN | Number=Sing | 68 Falls | flat |
| 70 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 71 gone | aux |
| 71 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 tells | ccomp |
| 72 | in | in | ADP | _ | 73 haste | case |
| 73 | haste | haste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 gone | obl |
| 74 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 so | cc |
| 75 | so | so | ADV | _ | 71 gone | conj |
| 76 | for | for | ADP | _ | 78 time | case |
| 77 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 78 time | det |
| 78 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 gone | obl |
| 79 | escaped | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 71 gone | parataxis |
| 80 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 84 remaineth | punct |
| 81 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 84 remaineth | cc |
| 82 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 83 stone | det |
| 83 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 remaineth | nsubj |
| 84 | remaineth | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 tells | conj |
| 85 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 84 remaineth | advmod |
| 86 | As | as | ADP | _ | 88 wonder | case |
| 87 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 88 wonder | det |
| 88 | wonder | wonder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 remaineth | obl |
| 89 | to | to | ADP | _ | 91 day | case |
| 90 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 91 day | det |
| 91 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 remaineth | obl |
| 92 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tells | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present | another tradition | That | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent that=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | cut | gerund | another tradition not said here | the dam | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dam=Product | ||||
| 3 | sit | past | the Master | the dam not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location dam=Theme | ||||
| 4 | watch | past | the Master not said here | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | come | past | no Beaver | yet | forth property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | escape | past · perfect | Kwâbît | by a hole | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | lead back | past | a hole | to the other side | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to side=Patient | ||||
| 8 | tore up | past | Kulóskap | a rock | then | tree rules | |||
| 9 | throw | past | Master | Beaver | hundred miles obj; indeed property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Destination mile=Theme | |||
| 10 | frighten back | to-infinitive | Master not said here | the Beaver | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus beaver=Experiencer | ||||
| 11 | go | past · perfect | the Grand Falls | haste | time | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in haste=Location | |||
| 12 | escape | past | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 13 | remain | present | the stone | there | day | as a wonder | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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