Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shee an Gannon and the Gruagach Gaire, sentence 92
And then," said the Gruagach, "he is the only man in the whole world I have ever told why I stopped laughing, and the only one who has ever seen my fleece of wool."
Who acts: Gruagach, only man, I · What happens: say, be, tell, stop, laugh, see · To what, where: only man, whole world, I, only one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Shee an Gannon and the Gruagach Gaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gruagach, only man, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 said | cc |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 then | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Gruagach | det |
| 7 | Gruagach | Gruagach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 man | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 man | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 man | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 man | cop |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 13 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Gruagach | appos |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 world | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 world | det |
| 17 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 world | amod |
| 18 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 man | nmod |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 told | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 told | aux |
| 21 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 22 told | advmod |
| 22 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 man | acl:relcl |
| 23 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 stopped | advmod |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 stopped | nsubj |
| 25 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 told | ccomp |
| 26 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 stopped | xcomp |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 seen | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 seen | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 one | det |
| 30 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 one | amod |
| 31 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 seen | nsubj |
| 33 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 seen | aux |
| 34 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 35 seen | advmod |
| 35 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 said | ccomp |
| 36 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 fleece | nmod:poss |
| 37 | fleece | fleece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 seen | obj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 wool | case |
| 39 | wool | wool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 fleece | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 41 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | the Gruagach | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | Gruagach | the only man | the whole world | tree rules | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present · perfect · passive | the only man not said here | I | ever | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 4 | stop | past | I | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | laugh | gerund | I not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | see | present · perfect · passive | the only one | ever | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/19/92/