Celtic Fairy Tales, A Legend of Knockmany, sentence 10
By one blow of his fists he flattened a thunderbolt and kept it in his pocket, in the shape of a pancake, to show to all his enemies, when they were about to fight him.
Who acts: Cucullin, fame, fists · What happens: flatten, keep, show, be, fight, blow · To what, where: thunderbolt, pocket, enemies, Cucullin
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, A Legend of Knockmany. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cucullin, fame, fists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 blow | case |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 blow | nummod |
| 3 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 flattened | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 fists | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 fists | nmod:poss |
| 6 | fists | fist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 blow | nmod |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 flattened | nsubj |
| 8 | flattened | flatten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 thunderbolt | det |
| 10 | thunderbolt | thunderbolt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 flattened | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 kept | cc |
| 12 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 flattened | conj |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 kept | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 pocket | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 pocket | nmod:poss |
| 16 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kept | obl | ||
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 shape | punct |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 shape | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 shape | det |
| 20 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kept | parataxis |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 pancake | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 pancake | det |
| 23 | pancake | pancake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shape | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 show | punct |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 show | mark |
| 26 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 8 flattened | parataxis |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 enemies | case |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 enemies | det:predet |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 30 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 show | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 about | punct |
| 32 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 35 about | advmod |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 about | nsubj |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 about | cop |
| 35 | about | about | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 show | conj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 fight | mark |
| 37 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 about | xcomp |
| 38 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 fight | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 flattened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flatten | past | Cucullin | a thunderbolt | by one blow of Cucullin's fists | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thunderbolt=Patient | |||
| 2 | keep | past | Cucullin not said here | thunderbolt | Cucullin's pocket | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in pocket=Location | |||
| 3 | show | to-infinitive | Cucullin's enemies | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to enemy=Recipient | |||||
| 4 | is | past | fame | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | fight | to-infinitive | fame not said here | Cucullin | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | blow | Cucullin's fists | nom blow «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/22/10/