Celtic Fairy Tales, The Tale of Ivan, sentence 28
"Oh, Ivan," said the merchants, "we are beholding to you; but for you we would have been lost men.
Who acts: Ivan, we · What happens: say, behold, lose, be · To what, where: merchants, you, lost men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Tale of Ivan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ivan, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 2 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 7 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 4 | Ivan | Ivan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Ivan | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Ivan | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 merchants | det |
| 9 | merchants | merchant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 said | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 beholding | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 beholding | punct |
| 12 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 beholding | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 beholding | aux |
| 14 | beholding | behold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 said | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 you | case |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 beholding | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 men | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 men | cc |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 you | case |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 men | nmod |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 men | nsubj |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 men | aux |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 men | aux |
| 24 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 men | cop |
| 25 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 men | amod |
| 26 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 said | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Ivan | the merchants | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent merchant=Topic | ||||
| 2 | behold in a quote | present · progressive | we | you | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | lose in a quote | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | would · perfect | we | lost men | for you | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/26/28/