Celtic Fairy Tales, The Lad With the Goat-skin, sentence 24
At last Tom came to one of the city gates, and the guards laughed and cursed at him instead of letting him in.
Who acts: guards · What happens: come, laugh, curse, let in · To what, where: one, last Tom, Tom
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Lad With the Goat-skin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 Tom | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Tom | amod |
| 3 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 one | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 came | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 gates | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 gates | det |
| 9 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 gates | compound |
| 10 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 one | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 laughed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 laughed | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 guards | det |
| 14 | guards | guard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 laughed | nsubj |
| 15 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 cursed | cc |
| 17 | cursed | curse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 laughed | conj |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 laughed | obl |
| 20 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 22 letting | mark |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 instead | fixed |
| 22 | letting | let | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 laughed | advcl |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 letting | obj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 letting | compound:prt |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | one of the city gates | last Tom | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to one=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | laugh | past | the guards | at Tom | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | curse | participle | the guards not said here | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | let in | gerund | the guards not said here | Tom | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/33/24/