Celtic Fairy Tales, The Field of Boliauns, sentence 5
Well, by the powers," said Tom to himself, "I often heard tell of the Lepracauns, and, to tell God's truth, I never rightly believed in them--but here's one of them in real earnest.
Who acts: Tom, I, truth · What happens: say, hear, tell, not believe, be · To what, where: Tom, tell, one, real earnest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Field of Boliauns. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tom, I, truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 8 said | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Well | punct |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 powers | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 powers | det |
| 5 | powers | power | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 said | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 powers | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 powers | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 himself | case |
| 11 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 8 said | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 heard | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 heard | punct |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 heard | nsubj |
| 15 | often | often | ADV | _ | 16 heard | advmod |
| 16 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | parataxis |
| 17 | tell | tell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 heard | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Lepracauns | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Lepracauns | det |
| 20 | Lepracauns | Lepracaun | PROPN | Number=Plur | 17 tell | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tell | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 tell | cc |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tell | punct |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 tell | mark |
| 25 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 16 heard | conj |
| 26 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 truth | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 God | case |
| 28 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tell | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 believed | punct |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 believed | nsubj |
| 31 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 33 believed | advmod |
| 32 | rightly | rightly | ADV | _ | 33 believed | advmod |
| 33 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 tell | advcl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 them | case |
| 35 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 believed | obl |
| 36 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 40 one | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 one | cc |
| 38 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 one | advmod |
| 39 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 one | cop |
| 40 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 said | ccomp |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 them | case |
| 42 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 one | nmod |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 earnest | case |
| 44 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 earnest | amod |
| 45 | earnest | earn | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 40 one | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Tom | Tom | by the powers | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | hear | past | I | tell of the Lepracauns | often property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tell=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | God's truth | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not believe | participle | I | in Lepracauns = lepracaun; rightly property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | one | real earnest; here | of Lepracauns = lepracaun | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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