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Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 18

But there is one country in Europe in which, by virtue of a marvellous strength and tenacity of the historical intellect, and of filial devotedness to the memory of their ancestors, there have been preserved down into the early phases of mediaeval civilisation, and then committed to the sure guardianship of manuscript, the hymns, ballads, stories, and chronicles, the names, pedigrees, achievements, and even characters, of those ancient kings and warriors over whom those massive cromlechs were erected and great cairns piled.

Who acts: one country, virtue · What happens: be, preserve down, erect, pile · To what, where: Europe, chronicles, early phases, massive cromlechs, great cairns

This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one country, virtue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

ccexplnummodnsubjcaseoblcasensubjpunctcaseconjcasedetamodnmodccconjcasedetamodnmodpunctcccaseamodoblcasedetnmodcasenmod:possnmodpunctexplauxaux:passaclcompound:prtcasedetamodoblcasecompoundnmodpunctccadvmodacl:relclcasedetamodoblcasenmodpunctdetconjpunctconjpunctconjpunctccoblpunctdetconjpunctconjpunctconjpunctccadvmodconjpunctcasedetamodconjccconjcaseobldetamodnsubj:passaux:passacl:relclccamodconjaclpunctrootButCCONJtherePRONisVERBoneNUMcountryNOUNinADPEuropePROPNinADPwhichPRON,PUNCTbyADPvirtueNOUNofADPaDETmarvellousADJstrengthNOUNandCCONJtenacityNOUNofADPtheDEThistoricalADJintellectNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJofADPfilialADJdevotednessNOUNtoADPtheDETmemoryNOUNofADPtheirPRONancestorsNOUN,PUNCTtherePRONhaveAUXbeenAUXpreservedVERBdownADPintoADPtheDETearlyADJphasesNOUNofADPmediaevalNOUNcivilisationNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthenADVcommittedADJtoADPtheDETsureADJguardianshipNOUNofADPmanuscriptADJ,PUNCTtheDEThymnsNOUN,PUNCTballadsNOUN,PUNCTstoriesNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJchroniclesNOUN,PUNCTtheDETnamesNOUN,PUNCTpedigreesNOUN,PUNCTachievementsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJevenADVcharactersNOUN,PUNCTofADPthoseDETancientADJkingsNOUNandCCONJwarriorsNOUNoverADPwhomPRONthoseDETmassiveADJcromlechsNOUNwereAUXerectedVERBandCCONJgreatADJcairnsNOUNpiledVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ButbutCCONJ_3 iscc
2theretherePRONPronType=Dem3 isexpl
3isbeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card5 countrynummod
5countrycountryNOUNNumber=Sing3 isnsubj
6ininADP_7 Europecase
7EuropeEuropePROPNNumber=Sing3 isobl
8ininADP_9 whichcase
9whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel3 isnsubj
10,,PUNCT_12 virtuepunct
11bybyADP_12 virtuecase
12virtuevirtueNOUNNumber=Sing9 whichconj
13ofofADP_16 strengthcase
14aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art16 strengthdet
15marvellousmarvellousADJDegree=Pos16 strengthamod
16strengthstrengthNOUNNumber=Sing12 virtuenmod
17andandCCONJ_18 tenacitycc
18tenacitytenacityNOUNNumber=Sing16 strengthconj
19ofofADP_22 intellectcase
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 intellectdet
21historicalhistoricalADJDegree=Pos22 intellectamod
22intellectintellectNOUNNumber=Sing18 tenacitynmod
23,,PUNCT_38 preservedpunct
24andandCCONJ_38 preservedcc
25ofofADP_27 devotednesscase
26filialfilialADJDegree=Pos27 devotednessamod
27devotednessdevotednessNOUNNumber=Sing38 preservedobl
28totoADP_30 memorycase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 memorydet
30memorymemoryNOUNNumber=Sing27 devotednessnmod
31ofofADP_33 ancestorscase
32theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs33 ancestorsnmod:poss
33ancestorsancestorNOUNNumber=Plur30 memorynmod
34,,PUNCT_27 devotednesspunct
35theretherePRONPronType=Dem38 preservedexpl
36havehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin38 preservedaux
37beenbeAUXTense=Past VerbForm=Part38 preservedaux:pass
38preservedpreserveVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass12 virtueacl
39downdownADP_38 preservedcompound:prt
40intointoADP_43 phasescase
41thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 phasesdet
42earlyearlyADJDegree=Pos43 phasesamod
43phasesphaseNOUNNumber=Plur38 preservedobl
44ofofADP_46 civilisationcase
45mediaevalmediaevalNOUNNumber=Sing46 civilisationcompound
46civilisationcivilisationNOUNNumber=Sing43 phasesnmod
47,,PUNCT_50 committedpunct
48andandCCONJ_50 committedcc
49thenthenADVPronType=Dem50 committedadvmod
50committedcommittedADJDegree=Pos46 civilisationacl:relcl
51totoADP_54 guardianshipcase
52thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art54 guardianshipdet
53suresureADJDegree=Pos54 guardianshipamod
54guardianshipguardianshipNOUNNumber=Sing50 committedobl
55ofofADP_56 manuscriptcase
56manuscriptmanuscriptADJDegree=Pos54 guardianshipnmod
57,,PUNCT_59 hymnspunct
58thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art59 hymnsdet
59hymnshymnNOUNNumber=Plur43 phasesconj
60,,PUNCT_61 balladspunct
61balladsballadNOUNNumber=Plur59 hymnsconj
62,,PUNCT_63 storiespunct
63storiesstoryNOUNNumber=Plur59 hymnsconj
64,,PUNCT_66 chroniclespunct
65andandCCONJ_66 chroniclescc
66chronicleschronicleNOUNNumber=Plur38 preservedobl
67,,PUNCT_69 namespunct
68thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art69 namesdet
69namesnameNOUNNumber=Plur66 chroniclesconj
70,,PUNCT_71 pedigreespunct
71pedigreespedigreeNOUNNumber=Plur66 chroniclesconj
72,,PUNCT_73 achievementspunct
73achievementsachievementNOUNNumber=Plur66 chroniclesconj
74,,PUNCT_77 characterspunct
75andandCCONJ_77 characterscc
76evenevenADV_77 charactersadvmod
77characterscharacterNOUNNumber=Plur66 chroniclesconj
78,,PUNCT_82 kingspunct
79ofofADP_82 kingscase
80thosethatDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem82 kingsdet
81ancientancientADJDegree=Pos82 kingsamod
82kingskingNOUNNumber=Plur66 chroniclesconj
83andandCCONJ_84 warriorscc
84warriorswarriorNOUNNumber=Plur82 kingsconj
85overoverADP_86 whomcase
86whomwhomPRONPronType=Rel91 erectedobl
87thosethatDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem89 cromlechsdet
88massivemassiveADJDegree=Pos89 cromlechsamod
89cromlechscromlechNOUNNumber=Plur91 erectednsubj:pass
90werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin91 erectedaux:pass
91erectederectVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass82 kingsacl:relcl
92andandCCONJ_94 cairnscc
93greatgreatADJDegree=Pos94 cairnsamod
94cairnscairnNOUNNumber=Plur91 erectedconj
95piledpileVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass94 cairnsacl
96..PUNCT_3 ispunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1bepresentone countryEurope; therewhich by virtue of a marvellous strength and tenacity of the historical intellect nsubjvn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location
2preserve downpresent · perfect · passivevirtue of a marvellous strength and tenacity of the historical intellect not said herechronicles and the names and pedigrees and achievements and characters and that ancient kings and warriorsthe early phases of mediaeval civilisation and the hymns and ballads and stories; thereof filial devotedness to the memory of strength's ancestorsvn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»
3erectpast · passivethat massive cromlechsover that ancient kings and warriors; great cairns conjvn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product
4pileparticiplegreat cairns not said herevn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/1/18/