Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 45
Such are the early Irish tales that cling around the mounds and cromlechs as that by which they are sustained, which was originally their source, and sustained them afterwards in a strong enduring life.
Who acts: Such early Irish tales · What happens: be, cling, sustain · To what, where: Such early Irish tales, mounds, that, source, cromlechs, strong enduring life
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Such early Irish tales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 tales | amod |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tales | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tales | det |
| 4 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 tales | amod |
| 5 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 tales | amod |
| 6 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sustained | nsubj |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 cling | nsubj |
| 8 | cling | cling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tales | acl:relcl |
| 9 | around | around | ADP | _ | 11 mounds | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 mounds | det |
| 11 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 cling | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 cromlechs | cc |
| 13 | cromlechs | cromlech | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 mounds | conj |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 sustained | mark |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 sustained | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 sustained | obl |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 sustained | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 sustained | aux:pass |
| 20 | sustained | sustain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 cling | advcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 source | punct |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 source | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 source | cop |
| 24 | originally | originally | ADV | _ | 26 source | advmod |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 source | nmod:poss |
| 26 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sustained | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 sustained | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 sustained | cc |
| 29 | sustained | sustain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 sustained | obj |
| 31 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 29 sustained | advmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 life | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 life | det |
| 34 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 life | amod |
| 35 | enduring | enduring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 life | compound |
| 36 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sustained | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 sustained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Such early Irish tales | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | cling | present | the Such early Irish tales | the mounds and cromlechs | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around mound=Location | ||||
| 3 | sustain | present · passive | that | which obl; tales = tale nsubj | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | tales's source | which nsubj; tales = tale nmod:poss; originally property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | sustain | past | the Such early Irish tales | cromlechs = cromlech | a strong enduring life | afterwards property | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/1/45/