Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 58
There is one thing to be learned from all this, which is, that we, at least, should not suffer these ancient monuments to be destroyed, whose history has been thus so astonishingly preserved.
Who acts: one thing, we · What happens: be, learn, not suffer, destroy, preserve · To what, where: this, ancient monuments, history
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one thing, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 is | expl |
| 2 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 thing | nummod |
| 4 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 is | nsubj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 learned | mark |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 learned | aux:pass |
| 7 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 thing | acl:relcl |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 this | case |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 this | det:predet |
| 10 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 learned | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 is | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 thing | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 suffer | punct |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 suffer | mark |
| 16 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 suffer | nsubj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 least | punct |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 least | case |
| 19 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 we | appos |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 we | punct |
| 21 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 suffer | aux |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 suffer | advmod |
| 23 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 is | conj |
| 24 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 26 monuments | det |
| 25 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 monuments | amod |
| 26 | monuments | monument | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 suffer | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 destroyed | mark |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 destroyed | aux:pass |
| 29 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 suffer | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 preserved | punct |
| 31 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 32 history | nmod:poss |
| 32 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 preserved | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 preserved | aux |
| 34 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 preserved | aux:pass |
| 35 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 38 preserved | advmod |
| 36 | so | so | ADV | _ | 38 preserved | advmod |
| 37 | astonishingly | astonishingly | ADV | _ | 38 preserved | advmod |
| 38 | preserved | preserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 destroyed | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | one thing | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | learn | to-infinitive · passive | one thing not said here | this | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: from this=Source | ||||
| 3 | be | present | one thing | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | not suffer | should | we | this ancient monuments | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer monument=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | destroy | to-infinitive · passive | we not said here | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» | |||||
| 6 | preserve | present · perfect · passive | history | astonishingly, thus property | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/1/58/