Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 4
The pre-Christian period of Irish history presents difficulties from which the corresponding period in the histories of other countries is free.
Who acts: pre-Christian period, corresponding period · What happens: present, correspond, be · To what, where: difficulties
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pre-Christian period, corresponding period), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 period | det |
| 2 | pre-Christian | pre-christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 period | amod |
| 3 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 presents | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 history | case |
| 5 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 history | amod |
| 6 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 period | nmod |
| 7 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | difficulties | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 presents | obj |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 which | case |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 free | obl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 period | det |
| 12 | corresponding | correspond | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 period | amod |
| 13 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 free | nsubj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 histories | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 histories | det |
| 16 | histories | history | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 period | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 countries | case |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 countries | amod |
| 19 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 histories | nmod |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 free | cop |
| 21 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 difficulties | acl:relcl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 presents | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | present | present | the pre-Christian period of Irish history | difficulties | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Theme | ||||
| 2 | correspond | gerund | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is | present | the corresponding period in the histories of other countries | difficulties | free property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/2/4/