Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 1
The earliest manuscript of these tales is the Leabhar [Note: Leabar na Heera.] na Huidhre, a work of the eleventh century, so that we may feel sure that we have them in a condition unimpaired by the revival of learning, or any archaeological restoration or improvement.
Who acts: earliest manuscript, we, eleventh century · What happens: be, feel, have, unimpair, work, revive · To what, where: Leabhar Note, Leabar, condition, learning
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earliest manuscript, we, eleventh century), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 manuscript | det |
| 2 | earliest | early | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 manuscript | amod |
| 3 | manuscript | manuscript | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Note | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 tales | case |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 tales | det |
| 6 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 manuscript | nmod |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 Note | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Note | det |
| 9 | Leabhar | Leabhar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Note | compound |
| 10 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 11 Note | punct |
| 11 | Note | note | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 Leabar | punct |
| 13 | Leabar | Leabar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Note | appos |
| 14 | na | na | ADV | Typo=Yes | 13 Leabar | flat:foreign |
| 15 | Heera | Heera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 na | goeswith |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 na | punct |
| 17 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 14 na | punct |
| 18 | na | na | X | Foreign=Yes | 19 Huidhre | flat:foreign |
| 19 | Huidhre | Huidhre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Leabar | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 work | punct |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 work | det |
| 22 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 Leabar | appos |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 century | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 century | det |
| 25 | eleventh | eleventh | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 26 century | amod |
| 26 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 work | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 feel | punct |
| 28 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 32 feel | mark |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 so | fixed |
| 30 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 feel | nsubj |
| 31 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 feel | aux |
| 32 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 Note | parataxis |
| 33 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 feel | xcomp |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 have | mark |
| 35 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 have | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 sure | ccomp |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 have | obj |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 condition | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 condition | det |
| 40 | condition | condition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 have | obl |
| 41 | unimpaired | unimpair | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 condition | acl |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 revival | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 revival | det |
| 44 | revival | revival | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 unimpaired | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 learning | case |
| 46 | learning | learning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 revival | nmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 restoration | punct |
| 48 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 51 restoration | cc |
| 49 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 51 restoration | det |
| 50 | archaeological | archaeological | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 restoration | amod |
| 51 | restoration | restoration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 condition | conj |
| 52 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 53 improvement | cc |
| 53 | improvement | improvement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 restoration | conj |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 Note | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the earliest manuscript of this tales | the Leabhar Note | Leabar and na Huidhre appos | tree rules | |||
| 2 | feel | may | we | sure property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | have | present | we | Leabar | a condition or any archaeological restoration or improvement | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | |||
| 4 | unimpair | participle | a condition or any archaeological restoration or improvement not said here | by the revival of learning | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | work | the eleventh century | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 6 | revive | learning | nom revival «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/3/1/