Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 7

We have, therefore, a tale penned in the eleventh century, composed at some time prior to this, and itself collected, not from oral tradition, but from books.

Who acts: We, author · What happens: have, pen, compose, collect · To what, where: tale, oral tradition

This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, author), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct
4	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	2 have	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 tale	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 tale	det
7	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	parataxis
8	penned	pen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 tale	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 century	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 century	det
11	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	12 century	amod
12	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 penned	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 composed	punct
14	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 tale	acl
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 time	case
16	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	17 time	det
17	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 composed	obl
18	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 time	amod
19	to	to	ADP	_	20 this	case
20	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	18 prior	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 collected	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 collected	cc
23	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	24 collected	nsubj
24	collected	collect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 have	parataxis
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 tradition	punct
26	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	29 tradition	advmod
27	from	from	ADP	_	29 tradition	case
28	oral	oral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 tradition	amod
29	tradition	tradition	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 collected	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 books	punct
31	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 books	cc
32	from	from	ADP	_	33 books	case
33	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 tradition	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	We			a tale parataxis; therefore property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	pen	participle		a tale not said here	century		vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
3	compose	participle		a tale not said here	time		vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	collect	past	author	oral tradition but books			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tradition=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/3/7/

🌲 Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 7

The tree

Pragmatics

Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 7