Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4, sentence 82
Much and careful study, indeed, it requires, if we would compel these ancient epics to yield up their greatness or their beauty, or even their logical coherence and imaginative unity--broken, scattered portions as they all are of that one enormous epic, the bardic history of Ireland.
Who acts: Much study, we, compositions · What happens: require, compel, yield up, break, be, cohere · To what, where: ancient epics, greatness, scattered portions
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Much study, we, compositions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 study | amod |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 careful | cc |
| 3 | careful | careful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Much | conj |
| 4 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 requires | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 study | punct |
| 6 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 9 requires | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 indeed | punct |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 requires | nsubj |
| 9 | requires | require | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 compel | punct |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 14 compel | mark |
| 12 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 compel | nsubj |
| 13 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 compel | aux |
| 14 | compel | compel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 requires | conj |
| 15 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 epics | det |
| 16 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 epics | amod |
| 17 | epics | epic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 compel | obj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 yield | mark |
| 19 | yield | yield | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 compel | advcl |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 yield | compound:prt |
| 21 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 greatness | nmod:poss |
| 22 | greatness | greatness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 yield | obj |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 beauty | cc |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 beauty | nmod:poss |
| 25 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 greatness | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 coherence | punct |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 coherence | cc |
| 28 | even | even | ADV | _ | 31 coherence | advmod |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 coherence | nmod:poss |
| 30 | logical | logical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 coherence | amod |
| 31 | coherence | coherence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 greatness | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 unity | cc |
| 33 | imaginative | imaginative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 unity | amod |
| 34 | unity | unity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 coherence | conj |
| 35 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 36 broken | punct |
| 36 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 coherence | parataxis |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 portions | punct |
| 38 | scattered | scatter | ADJ | _ | 39 portions | amod |
| 39 | portions | portion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 broken | obl |
| 40 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 52 history | mark |
| 41 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 history | nsubj |
| 42 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 they | det |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 history | cop |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 history | case |
| 45 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 52 history | nsubj |
| 46 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 52 history | nsubj |
| 47 | enormous | enormous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 history | amod |
| 48 | epic | epic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 history | amod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 epic | punct |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 history | det |
| 51 | bardic | bardic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 history | amod |
| 52 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 broken | advcl |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 Ireland | case |
| 54 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 history | nmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 requires | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | require | present | Much study | study nsubj; indeed property | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | compel a condition, not said to happen | would | we | this ancient epics | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent epic=Patient | ||||
| 3 | yield up | to-infinitive | we not said here | compositions's greatness or compositions's beauty or compositions's logical coherence and imaginative unity | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent greatness=Theme | ||||
| 4 | break | participle | scattered portions | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | is | present | compositions = composition | of the enormous epic bardic history; of Ireland; that nsubj; one nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | cohere | compositions = composition | nom coherence «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/4/82/