Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 35
That idea, occurring in a separate paragraph in the middle of the page, though prevalent as a sentiment throughout all the conversations of Ossian with St. Patrick, has been, as it stands, taken from a meditation on life by St. Columbanus, one of the early Irish Saints--a meditation which, for subtle thought, for musical resigned sadness, tender brooding reflection, and exquisite Latin, is one of the masterpieces of mediaeval composition.
Who acts: idea, tender, exquisite Latin, Ossian · What happens: occur, be, stand, take, resign, brood · To what, where: prevalent, separate paragraph, meditation, reflection, one
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (idea, tender, exquisite Latin, Ossian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 idea | det |
| 2 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 been | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 occurring | punct |
| 4 | occurring | occur | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 idea | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 paragraph | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 paragraph | det |
| 7 | separate | separate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 paragraph | amod |
| 8 | paragraph | paragraph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 occurring | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 middle | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 middle | det |
| 11 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 paragraph | nmod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 page | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 page | det |
| 14 | page | page | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 middle | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 prevalent | punct |
| 16 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 17 prevalent | mark |
| 17 | prevalent | prevalent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 occurring | obl |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 20 sentiment | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 sentiment | det |
| 20 | sentiment | sentiment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 prevalent | nmod |
| 21 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 24 conversations | case |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 conversations | det:predet |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 conversations | det |
| 24 | conversations | conversation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 occurring | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Ossian | case |
| 26 | Ossian | Ossian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 conversations | nmod |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 Patrick | case |
| 28 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Patrick | nmod:desc |
| 29 | Patrick | Patrick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Ossian | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 idea | punct |
| 31 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 been | aux |
| 32 | been | be | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 stands | punct |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 stands | mark |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 stands | nsubj |
| 36 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 been | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 taken | punct |
| 38 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 stands | advcl |
| 39 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 meditation | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 meditation | det |
| 41 | meditation | meditation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 taken | obl |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 life | case |
| 43 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 meditation | nmod |
| 44 | by | by | ADP | _ | 46 Columbanus | case |
| 45 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Columbanus | nmod:desc |
| 46 | Columbanus | Columbanus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 taken | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 one | punct |
| 48 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 46 Columbanus | appos |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 Saints | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 Saints | det |
| 51 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 Saints | amod |
| 52 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 Saints | amod |
| 53 | Saints | Saint | PROPN | Number=Plur | 48 one | nmod |
| 54 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 56 meditation | punct |
| 55 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 56 meditation | det |
| 56 | meditation | meditation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 Columbanus | appos |
| 57 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 56 meditation | nmod |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 thought | punct |
| 59 | for | for | ADP | _ | 61 thought | case |
| 60 | subtle | subtle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 thought | amod |
| 61 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 which | conj |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 sadness | punct |
| 63 | for | for | ADP | _ | 66 sadness | case |
| 64 | musical | musical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 sadness | amod |
| 65 | resigned | resign | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 66 sadness | amod |
| 66 | sadness | sadness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 thought | appos |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 tender | punct |
| 68 | tender | tender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 sadness | conj |
| 69 | brooding | brood | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 68 tender | acl |
| 70 | reflection | reflection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 brooding | obj |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 77 one | punct |
| 72 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 77 one | cc |
| 73 | exquisite | exquisite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 74 Latin | amod |
| 74 | Latin | Latin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 77 one | nsubj |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 Latin | punct |
| 76 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 77 one | cop |
| 77 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 66 sadness | conj |
| 78 | of | of | ADP | _ | 80 masterpieces | case |
| 79 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 80 masterpieces | det |
| 80 | masterpieces | masterpiece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 77 one | nmod |
| 81 | of | of | ADP | _ | 83 composition | case |
| 82 | mediaeval | mediaeval | NOUN | Number=Sing | 83 composition | compound |
| 83 | composition | composition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 masterpieces | nmod |
| 84 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 32 been | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | occur | gerund | that idea not said here | prevalent as a sentiment | a separate paragraph in the middle of the page | throughout all conversations of Ossian with Patrick St. | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in paragraph=Location | ||
| 2 | be | present · perfect | that idea | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | stand | present | idea | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | take | participle | idea not said here | a meditation on life | by Columbanus St. | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from meditation=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | resign | participle | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | brood | gerund | tender not said here | reflection | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | is a | present | exquisite Latin | one | of the masterpieces of mediaeval composition | tree rules | |||
| 8 | converse | Ossian with Patrick St. | nom conversation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/5/35/