Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 74
If the Ogham was derived from the Roman characters introduced by Christian missionaries, then these characters would be the more ancient, and Ogham the more modern; books and Roman characters would be the more poetical, and inscriptions on stone and timber in the Ogham characters the more prosaic.
Who acts: characters, books · What happens: derive, introduce, be · To what, where: Ogham, Roman characters
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (characters, books), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 derived | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Ogham | det |
| 3 | Ogham | Ogham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 derived | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 derived | aux:pass |
| 5 | derived | derive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 characters | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 characters | det |
| 8 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 characters | amod |
| 9 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 derived | obl |
| 10 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 characters | acl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 missionaries | case |
| 12 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 missionaries | amod |
| 13 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 introduced | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 ancient | punct |
| 15 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 ancient | advmod |
| 16 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 characters | det |
| 17 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ancient | nsubj |
| 18 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 ancient | aux |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 ancient | cop |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 ancient | det |
| 21 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 22 ancient | advmod |
| 22 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 derived | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 modern | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 modern | cc |
| 25 | Ogham | Ogham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 modern | nsubj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 modern | det |
| 27 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 28 modern | advmod |
| 28 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 derived | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 poetical | punct |
| 30 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 poetical | nsubj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 characters | cc |
| 32 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 characters | amod |
| 33 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 books | conj |
| 34 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 poetical | aux |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 poetical | cop |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 more | det |
| 37 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 38 poetical | advmod |
| 38 | poetical | poetical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 derived | parataxis |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 inscriptions | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 inscriptions | cc |
| 41 | inscriptions | inscription | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 poetical | appos |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 stone | case |
| 43 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 inscriptions | nmod |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 timber | cc |
| 45 | timber | timber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 inscriptions | conj |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 characters | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 characters | det |
| 48 | Ogham | Ogham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 characters | compound |
| 49 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 inscriptions | conj |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 prosaic | det |
| 51 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 52 prosaic | advmod |
| 52 | prosaic | prosaic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 characters | amod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 derived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | derive | past · passive | the Ogham | the Roman characters | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from character=Material | ||||
| 2 | introduce | participle | the Roman characters not said here | by Christian missionaries | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | would | this characters | then | ancient property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is | would | books and Roman characters | inscriptions on stone and timber and the Ogham characters appos; poetical property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/5/74/