Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 80
From the analogy of Gaul, we may conclude that they were known for some time prior to their use by the bards.
Who acts: we, bards, Gauls · What happens: conclude, know, use · To what, where: analogy, Gauls
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, bards, Gauls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 analogy | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 analogy | det |
| 3 | analogy | analogy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 conclude | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Gaul | case |
| 5 | Gaul | Gaul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 analogy | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 analogy | punct |
| 7 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 conclude | nsubj |
| 8 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 conclude | aux |
| 9 | conclude | conclude | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 known | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 known | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 known | aux:pass |
| 13 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 conclude | advcl |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 time | case |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 time | det |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 known | obl |
| 17 | prior | prior | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 20 use | case |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 prior | fixed |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 use | nmod:poss |
| 20 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 known | obl |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 bards | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 bards | det |
| 23 | bards | bard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 known | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 conclude | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | conclude | may | we | the analogy of Gaul | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from analogy=Source | ||||
| 2 | know | past · passive | the bards | Gauls = gaul | time | prior Gauls's use | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | ||
| 3 | use | Gauls = gaul | nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/5/80/