Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3, sentence 43
The Autumn was past and the snow lay drifted and deep on the prairies; From his teepee of ice came the foe --came the storm-breathing god of the winter.
Who acts: Autumn, breathing god · What happens: be, drift, come, breathe · To what, where: snow, foe, teepee
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Autumn, breathing god), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Autumn | det |
| 2 | Autumn | Autumn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 past | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 past | cop |
| 4 | past | past | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 drifted | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 snow | det |
| 7 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 drifted | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 drifted | aux:pass |
| 9 | drifted | drift | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 past | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 deep | cc |
| 11 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 drifted | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 prairies | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 prairies | det |
| 14 | prairies | prairie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 deep | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 came | punct |
| 16 | From | from | ADP | _ | 18 teepee | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 teepee | nmod:poss |
| 18 | teepee | teepee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 came | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 ice | case |
| 20 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 teepee | nmod |
| 21 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 past | parataxis |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 foe | det |
| 23 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 came | obj |
| 24 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 25 came | punct |
| 25 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 came | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 god | det |
| 27 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 breathing | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 storm | punct |
| 29 | breathing | breathe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 god | amod |
| 30 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 came | nsubj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 winter | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 winter | det |
| 33 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 god | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 past | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the Autumn | past property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | drift | past · passive | the snow | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Agent | |||||
| 3 | come | past | the foe | name's teepee of ice | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location foe=Theme | ||||
| 4 | come | past | the breathing god of the winter | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | breathe | gerund | storm compound | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/10/43/