Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 31
Once--her dark eyes full of hunger-- Thus she spoke and thus besought him: "Tell me, O my silent Panther, Tell me, O beloved husband, What has made you sad and sullen?
Who acts: Fire · What happens: speak, beseech, tell, make · To what, where: panther, Fire, beloved husband · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 full | advmod |
| 2 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 1 Once | punct |
| 3 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 4 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 eyes | amod |
| 5 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 full | nsubj |
| 6 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 hunger | case |
| 8 | hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 full | obl |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 12 spoke | punct |
| 10 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 12 spoke | advmod |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 spoke | nsubj |
| 12 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 full | parataxis |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 besought | cc |
| 14 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 15 besought | advmod |
| 15 | besought | beseech | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 spoke | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 besought | obj |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 Tell | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 Tell | punct |
| 19 | Tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 full | parataxis |
| 20 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 Tell | iobj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Panther | punct |
| 22 | O | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 25 Panther | case |
| 23 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 Panther | nmod:poss |
| 24 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Panther | amod |
| 25 | Panther | panther | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Tell | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Tell | punct |
| 27 | Tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 Tell | conj |
| 28 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 Tell | iobj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 husband | punct |
| 30 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 32 husband | discourse |
| 31 | beloved | beloved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 husband | amod |
| 32 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 Tell | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 made | punct |
| 34 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 36 made | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 made | aux |
| 36 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 husband | acl:relcl |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 36 made | obj |
| 38 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 made | xcomp |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 sullen | cc |
| 40 | sullen | sullen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 sad | conj |
| 41 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 full | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | Fire | thus property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | beseech | past | Fire not said here | panther | thus property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert in a quote | infinitive | Fire | of my silent Panther | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert in a quote | infinitive | beloved husband | Fire | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | make in a quote | present · perfect · passive | beloved husband | you obj; sad property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary you=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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