Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 41
[108] For a warrior brave was Panther; Often had he met the foemen, Met the bold and fierce Dakotas; Westward on the war-path met them; And the scalps he won were numbered, Numbered seven by Kenéw-feathers.
Who acts: Often, Westward · What happens: be, have, meet, win, number · To what, where: brave Panther, 108, foemen, bold, scalps, seven
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Often, Westward), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 108 | punct |
| 2 | 108 | 108 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 had | obl |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 108 | punct |
| 4 | For | for | ADP | _ | 6 warrior | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 warrior | det |
| 6 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 108 | nmod |
| 7 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 Panther | amod |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Panther | cop |
| 9 | Panther | Panther | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 108 | nmod:unmarked |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 108 | punct |
| 11 | Often | Often | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 had | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 met | nsubj |
| 14 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 had | ccomp |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 foemen | det |
| 16 | foemen | foeman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 met | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Met | punct |
| 18 | Met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 had | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 bold | det |
| 20 | bold | bold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 Met | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Dakotas | cc |
| 22 | fierce | fierce | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 Dakotas | amod |
| 23 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 bold | conj |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 met | punct |
| 25 | Westward | Westward | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 met | nsubj |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 path | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 path | det |
| 28 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 path | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 war | punct |
| 30 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 Westward | nmod |
| 31 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 had | conj |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 met | obj |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 numbered | punct |
| 34 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 numbered | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 scalps | det |
| 36 | scalps | scalp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 numbered | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 won | nsubj |
| 38 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 scalps | acl:relcl |
| 39 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 numbered | aux:pass |
| 40 | numbered | number | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 had | parataxis |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Numbered | punct |
| 42 | Numbered | number | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 numbered | conj |
| 43 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 Numbered | obj |
| 44 | by | by | ADP | _ | 47 feathers | case |
| 45 | Kenéw | Kenéw | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 feathers | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 Kenéw | punct |
| 47 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 Numbered | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | brave Panther | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | have | past | Often | 108 for a warrior | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | meet | past | Often | the foemen | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foeman=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | meet | past | Often not said here | the bold and fierce Dakotas | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bold=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | meet | past | Westward on the war path | bold | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | win | past | Westward | the scalps not said here | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scalp=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | number | past · passive | the scalps | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 8 | number | participle | seven | by Kenéw feathers | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seven=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/18/41/