Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 75
Then he spread his mighty pinions Over all the land and shook them, Like the white down of Wâubésè [1017] Fell the feathery snow and covered, All the marshes and the meadows, All the hill-tops and the highlands.
Who acts: Ka, white down · What happens: spread, shake, fall, cover · To what, where: mighty pinions, land, pinions, feathery snow
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ka, white down), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 spread | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 spread | nsubj |
| 3 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 pinions | nmod:poss |
| 5 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 pinions | amod |
| 6 | pinions | pinion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 spread | obj |
| 7 | Over | over | ADP | _ | 10 land | case |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 land | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 land | det |
| 10 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spread | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 shook | cc |
| 12 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 spread | conj |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 shook | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 down | punct |
| 15 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 18 down | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 down | det |
| 17 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 down | amod |
| 18 | down | down | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Fell | nsubj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Wâubésè | case |
| 20 | Wâubésè | Wâubésè | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 down | nmod |
| 21 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 22 1017 | punct |
| 22 | 1017 | 1017 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 Wâubésè | appos |
| 23 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 22 1017 | punct |
| 24 | Fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 shook | parataxis |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 snow | det |
| 26 | feathery | feathery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 snow | amod |
| 27 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Fell | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 covered | cc |
| 29 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 Fell | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 marshes | punct |
| 31 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 marshes | det:predet |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 marshes | det |
| 33 | marshes | marsh | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 Fell | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 meadows | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 meadows | det |
| 36 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 marshes | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 tops | punct |
| 38 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 tops | det:predet |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 tops | det |
| 40 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 tops | compound |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 hill | punct |
| 42 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 marshes | conj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 highlands | cc |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 highlands | det |
| 45 | highlands | highland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 marshes | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spread | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spread | past | Ka | Ka's mighty pinions | all land | then | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pinion=Theme over land=Destination | ||
| 2 | shake | past | Ka not said here | pinions = pinion | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 3 | fall | past | the white down of Wâubésè | the feathery snow | all marshes and the meadows and all hill tops and the highlands obl | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient snow=Result | |||
| 4 | cover | participle | the white down of Wâubésè not said here | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/18/75/