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Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 75

Then he spread his mighty pinions Over all the land and shook them, Like the white down of Wâubésè [1017] Fell the feathery snow and covered, All the marshes and the meadows, All the hill-tops and the highlands.

Who acts: Ka, white down · What happens: spread, shake, fall, cover · To what, where: mighty pinions, land, pinions, feathery snow

This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ka, white down), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodnsubjnmod:possamodobjcasedet:predetdetoblccconjobjpunctcasedetamodnsubjcasenmodpunctappospunctparataxisdetamodobjccconjpunctdet:predetdetoblccdetconjpunctdet:predetdetcompoundpunctconjccdetconjpunctrootThenADVhePRONspreadVERBhisPRONmightyADJpinionsNOUNOverADPallDETtheDETlandNOUNandCCONJshookVERBthemPRON,PUNCTLikeADPtheDETwhiteADJdownNOUNofADPWâubésèPROPN[PUNCT1017NUM]PUNCTFellVERBtheDETfeatheryADJsnowNOUNandCCONJcoveredVERB,PUNCTAllDETtheDETmarshesNOUNandCCONJtheDETmeadowsNOUN,PUNCTAllDETtheDEThillNOUN-PUNCTtopsNOUNandCCONJtheDEThighlandsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThenthenADVPronType=Dem3 spreadadvmod
2hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs3 spreadnsubj
3spreadspreadVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs6 pinionsnmod:poss
5mightymightyADJDegree=Pos6 pinionsamod
6pinionspinionNOUNNumber=Plur3 spreadobj
7OveroverADP_10 landcase
8allallDETPronType=Tot10 landdet:predet
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 landdet
10landlandNOUNNumber=Sing3 spreadobl
11andandCCONJ_12 shookcc
12shookshakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 spreadconj
13themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs12 shookobj
14,,PUNCT_18 downpunct
15LikelikeADP_18 downcase
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 downdet
17whitewhiteADJDegree=Pos18 downamod
18downdownNOUNNumber=Sing24 Fellnsubj
19ofofADP_20 Wâubésècase
20WâubésèWâubésèPROPNNumber=Sing18 downnmod
21[[PUNCT_22 1017punct
2210171017NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card20 Wâubésèappos
23]]PUNCT_22 1017punct
24FellfallVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin12 shookparataxis
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 snowdet
26featheryfeatheryADJDegree=Pos27 snowamod
27snowsnowNOUNNumber=Sing24 Fellobj
28andandCCONJ_29 coveredcc
29coveredcoverVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass24 Fellconj
30,,PUNCT_33 marshespunct
31AllallDETPronType=Tot33 marshesdet:predet
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 marshesdet
33marshesmarshNOUNNumber=Plur24 Fellobl
34andandCCONJ_36 meadowscc
35thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art36 meadowsdet
36meadowsmeadowNOUNNumber=Plur33 marshesconj
37,,PUNCT_42 topspunct
38AllallDETPronType=Tot42 topsdet:predet
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art42 topsdet
40hillhillNOUNNumber=Sing42 topscompound
41--PUNCT_40 hillpunct
42topstopNOUNNumber=Plur33 marshesconj
43andandCCONJ_45 highlandscc
44thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art45 highlandsdet
45highlandshighlandNOUNNumber=Plur33 marshesconj
46..PUNCT_3 spreadpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1spreadpastKaKa's mighty pinionsall landthenvn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pinion=Theme over land=Destination
2shakepastKa not said herepinions = pinionvn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Patient
3fallpastthe white down of Wâubésèthe feathery snowall marshes and the meadows and all hill tops and the highlands oblvn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient snow=Result
4coverparticiplethe white down of Wâubésè not said herevn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/18/75/