Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 170
The warrior who knows is bound on honor, and by old and sacred custom, to expose and publicly denounce any tarnished maiden who dares to enter this ring, and his word cannot be questioned--even by the chief.
Who acts: warrior, tarnished maiden, chief, Footnote · What happens: know, bind, expose, denounce, tarnish, dare · To what, where: warrior, honor, tarnished maiden, ring, word
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warrior, tarnished maiden, chief, Footnote), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 warrior | det |
| 2 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bound | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 knows | nsubj |
| 4 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 warrior | acl:relcl |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bound | aux:pass |
| 6 | bound | bind | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 honor | case |
| 8 | honor | honor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bound | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 expose | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 expose | cc |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 custom | case |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 custom | amod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 sacred | cc |
| 14 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 old | conj |
| 15 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 expose | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 expose | punct |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 expose | mark |
| 18 | expose | expose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 bound | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 denounce | cc |
| 20 | publicly | publicly | ADV | _ | 21 denounce | advmod |
| 21 | denounce | denounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 expose | conj |
| 22 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 maiden | det |
| 23 | tarnished | tarnish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 maiden | amod |
| 24 | maiden | maiden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 denounce | obj |
| 25 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 dares | nsubj |
| 26 | dares | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 maiden | acl:relcl |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 enter | mark |
| 28 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 dares | xcomp |
| 29 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 ring | det |
| 30 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 enter | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 questioned | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 questioned | cc |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 word | nmod:poss |
| 34 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 questioned | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 questioned | aux |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 questioned | advmod |
| 37 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 questioned | aux:pass |
| 38 | questioned | question | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 bound | conj |
| 39 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 43 chief | punct |
| 40 | even | even | ADV | _ | 43 chief | advmod |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 chief | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 chief | det |
| 43 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 questioned | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 bound | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | the warrior | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | bind | present · passive | the warrior | honor | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | expose | to-infinitive | by old custom | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 4 | denounce | present | any tarnished maiden | publicly property | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maiden=Theme | ||||
| 5 | tarnish | participle | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 6 | dare | present | any tarnished maiden | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | enter | to-infinitive | any tarnished maiden not said here | this ring | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ring=Destination | ||||
| 8 | not question speech: other | can · passive | the chief | Footnote's word | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | ||||
| 9 | word | Footnote | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/170/