Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 6
In winter Wa-zí-ya advances southward and drives "I-tó-ka-ga Wi-câs-ta" before him to the Summer-Islands.
Who acts: ya advances, I, tó ka · What happens: drive, ka, ta · To what, where: Summer Islands, ya advances · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ya advances, I, tó ka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 winter | case |
| 2 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 advances | obl |
| 3 | Wa | Wa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 winter | appos |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 Wa | punct |
| 5 | zí | zí | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ya | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 zí | punct |
| 7 | ya | ya | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 advances | compound |
| 8 | advances | advance | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 9 | southward | southward | ADV | _ | 11 drives | advmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 drives | cc |
| 11 | drives | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 advances | acl:relcl |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 ka | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 ka | nsubj |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 I | punct |
| 15 | tó | tó | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 ka | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 tó | punct |
| 17 | ka | ka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 ta | nsubj |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 ka | punct |
| 19 | ga | ga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 ta | nsubj |
| 20 | Wi | Wi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 ga | flat |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 câs | punct |
| 22 | câs | câs | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 ta | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 ta | punct |
| 24 | ta | ta | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 drives | ccomp |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 ta | punct |
| 26 | before | before | ADP | _ | 27 him | case |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 drives | obl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 Islands | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Islands | det |
| 30 | Summer | Summer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Islands | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Summer | punct |
| 32 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 11 drives | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 advances | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | present | ya advances in winter not said here | the Summer Islands | before ga | southward property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to island=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | ka in a quote | I | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | ta in a quote | tó ka | ga nsubj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/6/