Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 80
It must be done by a virgin, nor must any woman, except a virgin, ever touch the "sacred armor" of a Dakota warrior.
Who acts: virgin · What happens: do, touch · To what, where: friction, sacred armor
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (virgin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 done | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 done | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 done | aux:pass |
| 4 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 virgin | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 virgin | det |
| 7 | virgin | virgin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 done | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 must | punct |
| 9 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 10 must | cc |
| 10 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 done | conj |
| 11 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 woman | det |
| 12 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 must | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 virgin | punct |
| 14 | except | except | ADP | _ | 16 virgin | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 virgin | det |
| 16 | virgin | virgin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 done | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 touch | punct |
| 18 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 19 touch | advmod |
| 19 | touch | touch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 done | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 armor | det |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 armor | punct |
| 22 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 armor | amod |
| 23 | armor | armor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 touch | obj |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 armor | punct |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 warrior | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 warrior | det |
| 27 | Dakota | Dakota | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 warrior | compound |
| 28 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 armor | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 done | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | must · passive | a virgin | friction | except a virgin | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | touch | infinitive | a virgin not said here | the sacred armor of a Dakota warrior | ever | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme armor=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/80/