Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 127
Minnehaha is a combination of two Dakota words--Mini--water and Ha-Ha--Falls; but it is not the name by which the Dakotas designated that cataract.
Who acts: Minnehaha, name, Dakotas · What happens: be, not be, designate · To what, where: combination, name, cataract
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minnehaha, name, Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Minnehaha | Minnehaha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 combination | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 combination | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 combination | det |
| 4 | combination | combination | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 words | case |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 words | nummod |
| 7 | Dakota | Dakota | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 words | compound |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 combination | nmod |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 10 Mini | punct |
| 10 | Mini | Mini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 words | appos |
| 11 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 12 water | punct |
| 12 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Mini | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 Ha | cc |
| 14 | Ha | Ha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Mini | conj |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 Ha | punct |
| 16 | Ha | Ha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Mini | conj |
| 17 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 18 Falls | punct |
| 18 | Falls | Falls | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 Mini | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 name | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 name | cc |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 name | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 name | cop |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 name | advmod |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 name | det |
| 25 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 combination | conj |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 which | case |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 designated | obl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Dakotas | det |
| 29 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 designated | nsubj |
| 30 | designated | designate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 name | acl:relcl |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 cataract | mark |
| 32 | cataract | cataract | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 designated | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 combination | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Minnehaha | a combination but the name | of two Dakota words | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not is a | present | name | the name | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | designate | past | the Dakotas | cataract | by the name | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cataract=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/21/127/