Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 25
If it is proper to call the young of dogs and wolves _pups_, it is equally proper to so call the young of foxes.]
Who acts: canis · What happens: be, call · To what, where: young · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (canis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 proper | mark |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 proper | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 proper | cop |
| 4 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 proper | advcl |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 call | mark |
| 6 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 proper | advcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 young | det |
| 8 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 call | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 dogs | case |
| 10 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 young | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 wolves | cc |
| 12 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 dogs | conj |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 pups | punct |
| 14 | pups | pup | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 dogs | appos |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 pups | punct |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 proper | punct |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 proper | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 proper | cop |
| 19 | equally | equally | ADV | _ | 20 proper | advmod |
| 20 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 call | mark |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 call | advmod |
| 23 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 proper | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 young | det |
| 25 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 call | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 foxes | case |
| 27 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 young | nmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 proper | punct |
| 29 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 20 proper | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | canis | proper property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | call | to-infinitive | canis not said here | the young of dogs and wolves | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent young=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | canis | equally, proper property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | call | to-infinitive | canis not said here | the young of foxes | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent young=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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