Legends of the Northwest, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance., sentence 49
The strongest warriors and bravest fear it The burning spears are an evil omen; They threaten the wrath of a wicked woman, Or a treacherous foe; but my warriors brave, When danger nears, or the foe appears, Are a cloud of arrows,--a grove of spears."
Who acts: bravest fear, spears, danger, foe, strongest warriors · What happens: be, threaten, near, appear · To what, where: evil omen, wrath, cloud
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bravest fear, spears, danger, foe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 warriors | det |
| 2 | strongest | strong | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 warriors | amod |
| 3 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 cloud | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 omen | cc |
| 5 | bravest | brave | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 fear | amod |
| 6 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 omen | nsubj |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 omen | nsubj |
| 8 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 spears | det |
| 9 | burning | burning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 spears | compound |
| 10 | spears | spear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 omen | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 omen | cop |
| 12 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 omen | det |
| 13 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 omen | amod |
| 14 | omen | omen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warriors | conj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 threaten | punct |
| 16 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 threaten | nsubj |
| 17 | threaten | threaten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 warriors | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 wrath | det |
| 19 | wrath | wrath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 threaten | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 woman | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 woman | det |
| 22 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 woman | amod |
| 23 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wrath | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 foe | punct |
| 25 | Or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 foe | cc |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 foe | det |
| 27 | treacherous | treacherous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 foe | amod |
| 28 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 woman | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 brave | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 brave | cc |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 warriors | nmod:poss |
| 32 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 brave | nsubj |
| 33 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 warriors | parataxis |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 nears | punct |
| 35 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 37 nears | advmod |
| 36 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 nears | nsubj |
| 37 | nears | near | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 brave | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 appears | punct |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 42 appears | cc |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 foe | det |
| 41 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 appears | nsubj |
| 42 | appears | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 nears | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 warriors | punct |
| 44 | Are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 cloud | cop |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 cloud | det |
| 46 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 arrows | case |
| 48 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 cloud | nmod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 grove | punct |
| 50 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 52 grove | punct |
| 51 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 grove | det |
| 52 | grove | grove | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 cloud | conj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 spears | case |
| 54 | spears | spear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 grove | nmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 46 cloud | punct |
| 56 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 cloud | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | bravest fear | a evil omen | fear nsubj; the burning spears nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | threaten | present | spears = spear | the wrath of a wicked woman or a treacherous foe | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus wrath=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | near | present | danger | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | appear | present | the foe | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | is a | present | the strongest warriors and a evil omen | a cloud and a grove of spears | of arrows; a grove of spears conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/7/49/