Legends of the Northwest, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance., sentence 88
Her dreams and her slumber their wild shouts broke; The chase was afoot when the maid awoke; She heard the twangs of the hunter's bows, And the bellowing bulls and the loud Ihós, And she murmured--"My hunter is far away In the happy land of the tall Hóhé-- My beautiful hunter, my brave Chaskè; But the robins will come and my warrior too, And Wiwâstè will find her a way to woo."
Who acts: slumber, dreams, maid, hunter, robins, Wiwâstè · What happens: shout, break, be, hear, bellow, murmur · To what, where: chase, twangs, happy land, hunter, bows · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slumber, dreams, maid, hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 dreams | nmod:poss |
| 2 | dreams | dream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 broke | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 slumber | cc |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 slumber | nmod:poss |
| 5 | slumber | slumber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 dreams | conj |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 shouts | nmod:poss |
| 7 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 shouts | amod |
| 8 | shouts | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 slumber | acl:relcl |
| 9 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 broke | punct |
| 11 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 chase | det |
| 12 | chase | chase | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 broke | obj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 awoke | cop |
| 14 | afoot | afoot | ADV | _ | 18 awoke | advmod |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 awoke | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 maid | det |
| 17 | maid | maid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 awoke | nsubj |
| 18 | awoke | awake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 chase | acl:relcl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 heard | punct |
| 20 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 heard | nsubj |
| 21 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 broke | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 twangs | det |
| 23 | twangs | twang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 heard | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 bows | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 hunter | det |
| 26 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bows | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 hunter | case |
| 28 | bows | bows | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 twangs | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 bulls | punct |
| 30 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 bulls | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 bulls | det |
| 32 | bellowing | bellow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 bulls | amod |
| 33 | bulls | bull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 heard | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 Ihós | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 Ihós | det |
| 36 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 Ihós | amod |
| 37 | Ihós | Ihós | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 bulls | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 murmured | punct |
| 39 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 murmured | cc |
| 40 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 murmured | nsubj |
| 41 | murmured | murmur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 broke | conj |
| 42 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 48 away | punct |
| 43 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 48 away | punct |
| 44 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 hunter | nmod:poss |
| 45 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 away | nsubj |
| 46 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 away | cop |
| 47 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 48 away | advmod |
| 48 | away | away | ADV | _ | 41 murmured | advmod |
| 49 | In | in | ADP | _ | 52 land | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 land | det |
| 51 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 land | amod |
| 52 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 away | obl |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 Hóhé | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 Hóhé | det |
| 55 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 Hóhé | amod |
| 56 | Hóhé | Hóhé | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 land | nmod |
| 57 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 60 hunter | punct |
| 58 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 60 hunter | nmod:poss |
| 59 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 hunter | amod |
| 60 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 land | conj |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 Chaskè | punct |
| 62 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 Chaskè | nmod:poss |
| 63 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 64 Chaskè | amod |
| 64 | Chaskè | Chaskè | PROPN | Number=Sing | 60 hunter | appos |
| 65 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 70 come | punct |
| 66 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 70 come | cc |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 robins | det |
| 68 | robins | robin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 70 come | nsubj |
| 69 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 70 come | aux |
| 70 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 broke | parataxis |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 warrior | cc |
| 72 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 73 warrior | nmod:poss |
| 73 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 come | conj |
| 74 | too | too | ADV | _ | 70 come | advmod |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 79 find | punct |
| 76 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 79 find | cc |
| 77 | Wiwâstè | Wiwâstè | PROPN | Number=Sing | 79 find | nsubj |
| 78 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 79 find | aux |
| 79 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 70 come | conj |
| 80 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 79 find | obj |
| 81 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 82 way | det |
| 82 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 find | obj |
| 83 | to | to | PART | _ | 84 woo | mark |
| 84 | woo | woo | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 82 way | acl |
| 85 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 70 come | punct |
| 86 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 70 come | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shout speech: express | present | hunter's slumber not said here | buffaloes = buffalo nmod:poss | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | break | past | hunter's dreams and hunter's slumber | the chase | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the maid | afoot, awake property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hear | past | maid | the twangs of the hunter's bows | the bellowing bulls and the loud Ihós obl | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer twang=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | bellow | gerund | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | murmur speech: other | past | maid | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is in a quote | present | My hunter | the happy land of the tall Hóhé and My beautiful hunter | away, far property | tree rules | |||
| 8 | come in a quote | future | the robins | my warrior conj | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 9 | find in a quote | future | Wiwâstè | hunter | a way obj | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent she=Theme way=Attribute | |||
| 10 | woo in a quote | to-infinitive | Wiwâstè not said here | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | dream | hunter | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 12 | slumber | hunter | nom slumber «state intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 13 | twang | the hunter's bows | nom twang «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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