Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 1, sentence 91
Then they heard the hoot of the mottled owl; [56] They heard the gray wolf's dismal howl; Then shrill and sudden the war whoop rose From an hundred throats of their swarthy foes, In ambush crouched in the tangled wood.
Who acts: warriors, war whoop, mottled owl, gray wolf · What happens: hear, mottle, rise, crouch, tangle, hoot · To what, where: hoot, 56, hundred throats, ambush, tangled wood
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warriors, war whoop, mottled owl, gray wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hoot | det |
| 5 | hoot | hoot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 owl | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 owl | det |
| 8 | mottled | mottle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 owl | amod |
| 9 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hoot | nmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 11 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 12 56 | punct |
| 12 | 56 | 56 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 heard | obl |
| 13 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 12 56 | punct |
| 14 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 heard | nsubj |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 wolf | det |
| 17 | gray | gray | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 wolf | amod |
| 18 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 howl | nmod:poss |
| 19 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 18 wolf | case |
| 20 | dismal | dismal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 howl | amod |
| 21 | howl | howl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 heard | obj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 shrill | punct |
| 23 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 shrill | advmod |
| 24 | shrill | shrill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 rose | advcl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 sudden | cc |
| 26 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 shrill | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 whoop | det |
| 28 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 whoop | compound |
| 29 | whoop | whoop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rose | nsubj |
| 30 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 31 | From | from | ADP | _ | 34 throats | case |
| 32 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 throats | det |
| 33 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 throats | nummod |
| 34 | throats | throat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 rose | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 foes | case |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 foes | nmod:poss |
| 37 | swarthy | swarthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 foes | amod |
| 38 | foes | foe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 throats | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 ambush | punct |
| 40 | In | in | ADP | _ | 41 ambush | case |
| 41 | ambush | ambush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rose | obl |
| 42 | crouched | crouch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 ambush | acl |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 wood | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 wood | det |
| 45 | tangled | tangle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 wood | amod |
| 46 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 crouched | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | warriors = warrior | the hoot of the mottled owl | then | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer hoot=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | mottle | participle | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | hear | past | warriors = warrior | 56 | the gray wolf's dismal howl obj | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer howl=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | rise | past | the war whoop | a hundred throats of warriors's swarthy foes | in ambush | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ambush=Location | |||
| 5 | crouch | participle | ambush not said here | the tangled wood | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wood=Location | ||||
| 6 | tangle | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | hoot | the mottled owl | nom hoot «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | howl | the gray wolf | nom howl «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/8/91/