In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 135

These are for the use of pious wayfarers, who pause before every Buddhist image on their path to repeat a brief prayer and, when possible, to set a few rods smouldering at the feet of the statue.

Who acts: These, use, few rods · What happens: be, pause, repeat, set, smoulder · To what, where: path, brief prayer, few rods, feet

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, use, few rods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	These	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	5 use	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 use	cop
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 use	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 use	det
5	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 wayfarers	case
7	pious	pious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 wayfarers	amod
8	wayfarers	wayfarer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 use	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 pause	punct
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 pause	nsubj
11	pause	pause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 use	parataxis
12	before	before	ADP	_	15 image	case
13	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	15 image	det
14	Buddhist	buddhist	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 image	amod
15	image	image	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pause	obl
16	on	on	ADP	_	18 path	case
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 path	nmod:poss
18	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pause	obl
19	to	to	PART	_	20 repeat	mark
20	repeat	repeat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 pause	advcl
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 prayer	det
22	brief	brief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 prayer	amod
23	prayer	prayer	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 repeat	obj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 possible	cc
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 possible	punct
26	when	when	SCONJ	_	27 possible	mark
27	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 repeat	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 set	punct
29	to	to	PART	_	30 set	mark
30	set	set	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 repeat	conj
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 rods	det
32	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 rods	amod
33	rods	rod	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 set	obj
34	smouldering	smoulder	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 rods	acl
35	at	at	ADP	_	37 feet	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 feet	det
37	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 smouldering	obl
38	of	of	ADP	_	40 statue	case
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 statue	det
40	statue	statue	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 feet	nmod
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 use	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	These				for the use; of pious wayfarers	tree rules
2	pause	present	the use		wayfarers's path	before every Buddhist image		vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before image=Location
3	repeat	to-infinitive	the use not said here	a brief prayer				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Eventuality
4	set	to-infinitive	the use not said here	a few rods				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient rod=Result
5	smoulder	gerund	a few rods not said here		the feet of the statue			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/135/

🌲 In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 135

The tree

Pragmatics

In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 135