In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 140
But it is only the true incense which can be said to bear an important relation to the religious service.
Who acts: _ · What happens: be, say, bear · To what, where: true incense, important relation · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (_), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 incense | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 incense | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 incense | cop |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 incense | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 incense | det |
| 6 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 incense | amod |
| 7 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 said | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | aux |
| 10 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | aux:pass |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 incense | acl:relcl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 bear | mark |
| 13 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | xcomp |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 relation | det |
| 15 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 relation | amod |
| 16 | relation | relation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bear | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 service | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 service | det |
| 19 | religious | religious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 service | amod |
| 20 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bear | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 incense | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | _ | the true incense | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | can · passive | the true incense | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | bear | to-infinitive | a important relation | to the religious service | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relation=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/140/